Life Science Biology Regents Questions Question Preview (ID: 63266)

These Are Only The MCQ From The Sample Cluster Released In 2024 For The NGSS Life Science Biology Test. The Test Contains Short Answer Questions Which Have Not Been Included Here. Some Questions Have Been Modified Due To Character Limits. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

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Which claim best describes the interactions in the coral reef ecosystem since the 1980s and the effect on the biodiversity in those regions?

a) The coral reef ecosystem was stable, so the biodiversity was reduced since reefs can support thousands of species of fish.

b) The reef ecosystem is not stable, so the biodiversity remained relatively constant without altering the variety of corals.

c) Reef ecosystem was stable, so the biodiversity remained relatively constant and would continue to attract divers / tourists.

d) Coral reef ecosystem was not stable, so the biodiversity was reduced and it may have an impact on the # of tourists visiting

Which claim best explains how continued changes in ocean acidity would affect the stability of the coral reef ecosystem?

a) Decreasing dissolved carbon dioxide will decrease the acidity of oceans and cause ocean water to warm.

b) As the acidity of the oceans increases, the coral polyps will not have enough calcium carbonate to form their skeletons

c) Ocean acidification will reverse the effects of ocean warming and contribute to stabilizing the coral reef ecosystem

d) The coral polyps will need to adapt to the decreasing acidity and find a different substance to form their skeleton

Identify the explanation that best describes how the coral and zooxanthellae populations would be expected to change if the current trend in water temperatures were to continue over several generations within the coral reef.

a) Coral that tolerate higher temperatures will survive better, increasing their proportion compared to those sensitive to temp

b) Coral will eject zooxanthellae that are sensitive to cold water temperatures so that less sensitive algae may take their spot

c) Amount of cold-tolerant coral and zooxanthellae will rise as they have better access to calcium carbonate for strong skeleton

d) Coral will host zooxanthellae sensitive to high temperatures to reduce the risk of developing deformed outer shells.

A possible explanation for why some organisms survived and others did not is that some were

a) herbivores that had a large variety of plants to eat

b) able to evolve quickly into better adapted non-avian species

c) better able to compete successfully after the asteroid impact

d) faster and stronger than others and were able to outrun the blast of the impact

Which statement provides evidence that could be used to support the claim that the evolution of plants is the result of changes that occurred in the environment?

a) The diversity of plants in Phase 1 remained constant after the K-T extinction event changed environmental conditions on Earth

b) # of plants decreased during the 1.5 million years before K-T extinction due to stable environmental conditions on Earth

c) Diversity of plants increased during 1.5 million years after K-T extinction event changed environmental conditions on Earth

d) # of plants remained stable from Phase 3 to Phase 5 as the environment on Earth recovered from the K-T extinction event.

Which statement provides evidence that changes in an environment may cause changes in mammal species?

a) Mammals got larger in body size as plant diversity decreased

b) As the type of plants changed, the tooth and jaw structure of mammals changed

c) Where the animals lived changed as the number of plant species increased.

d) The mammals listed in the chart were adapted to feeding on the same species of plants

Based on the models, which statement best supports the claim that the two enzymes function differently in tissues due to the amino acid sequence present in the C-1 and C-2 forms of the enzyme?

a) The two forms of the C-enzyme result in different DNA sequences that have different shapes.

b) The DNA codes for the production of prostaglandin in molecules that control the production of both C-1 and C-2.

c) The amino acid sequences of both molecules are the same because both are examples of C-enzymes.

d) Each form of the C-enzyme gene produces a different amino acid sequence that results in proteins with different shapes.

Which claim could be used to describe a possible cause of the new variation in the gene that codes for the production of the prostaglandin receptor?

a) The changed receptor will produce a new DNA sequence with different functions that change the inflammatory response.

b) Events during reproduction could result in a new inheritable variation in the DNA that codes for prostaglandin receptors.

c) Protein will no longer be able to produce the gene that codes for prostaglandins, resulting in a weaker response.

d) Changed DNA will be passed on through reproduction and result in a different order of simple sugar subunits.

An individual inherited a new variation in the gene that codes for the production of the prostaglandin receptor. Which question could be asked to clarify how the variation was passed on to the individual?

a) Were the father’s white blood cells able to produce gametes with the variation

b) Did the receptor lose function due to a lack of prostaglandin molecules?

c) Was the variation caused by a change in a gene sequence in the mother’s gametes?

d) Was the prostaglandin receptor with the variation the same size as the original receptor?

Complete the model below to illustrate the process occurring in the zooxanthellae located in the cells of the coral polyp. Your model should include all inputs of both matter and energy and identify the process involved.

a) Inputs: Sunlight Process: Photosynthesis Outputs: Sugar

b) Inputs: Sugar Process: Photosynthesis Outputs: Sunlight

c) Inputs: Photosynthesis Process: Sugar Outputs: Sugar

d) Inputs: Sunlight Process: Sugar Outputs: Photosynthesis

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