January 2024 Living Environment Regents Questions 11-20 Question Preview (ID: 62948)

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Mutations can be beneficial to a species because they

a) can lead to some members of a species having favorable traits in a changing environment

b) allow organisms to mate with other species

c) will lead to the loss of traits that are helpful in a specific environment

d) cause the reproductive rate of a species to decrease

Within ten years after the introduction of a new mosquito spray, very few of the descendants of the targeted mosquito populations were killed by the usual dose of the spray. The best explanation for this is that

a) ingesting the spray caused the mosquitoes to become resistant to it

b) the spray polluted the water in which the mosquitoes deposited their eggs

c) the spray killed organisms that caused diseases in mosquitoes

d) existing variations in the mosquito population provided resistance to the spray

Once implanted into a recipient, bioengineered blood vessels made from a plastic-like material become covered with the recipient’s own cells. An advantage of using these bioengineered vessels is that

a) they contain antibodies that will block an immune response

b) viruses and bacteria will not infect the cells on these blood vessels

c) they do not trigger an immune response

d) the engineered blood vessels can be inherited by future generations

Which statement best explains how the message is delivered, even though these cells are not physically connected with each other?

a) The cells communicate with the use of chemical messengers between them.

b) The cells send messages by direct contact with other types of cells.

c) Nutrients are the primary means of communication between cells.

d) Ribosomes move out of one nerve cell into the other.

Within an hour, all of the fish that were added were dead, while the saltwater fish were still healthy. The freshwater fish most likely died because they

a) became severely dehydrated due to the process of diffusion

b) swelled up and died due to taking in too much water

c) had no freshwater organisms to eat in the saltwater tank, so they died of starvation

d) ate all of the plants in the tank, so there was no longer oxygen in the water

Herbivores would most likely be located in

a) level I, only

b) level II, only

c) level III, only

d) level I and level II

The regeneration of these parts involves the process of

a) biotechnology

b) selective breeding

c) mitotic cell division

d) fertilization

Which would most likely control an insect pest and be the least harmful to the environment?

a) eliminating the plants that the insect pest feeds on

b) using traps baited with sex hormones that attract the insect pest

c) releasing imported insects that prey on the insect pest

d) spraying areas with insecticides that affect the insect pest

Which statement concerning the functioning of cells is correct?

a) Mitochondria transfer energy from organic compounds to form ATP molecules.

b) Vacuoles are the sites of DNA synthesis.

c) The nucleus stores genes that will later be removed from the cell.

d) The cell membrane prevents the diffusion of all poisons into a cell from its environment.

What is most likely expected to occur to this ecosystem in the future?

a) The ecosystem will eventually restore itself, but will be very different from the original.

b) The ecosystem will eventually restore itself and will be similar to the original.

c) The ecosystem will be completely reestablished after six months.

d) The ecosystem will be unable to reach a state of stability again.

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