Earth History Question Preview (ID: 62662)
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Ice Cores can help us to understand
a) Changes in climate over time
b) Changes in plants over time
c) Changes in animals over time
d) How rocks are formed
What determines the divisions in the geologic time scale?
a) Time increments every 100,000 years.
b) Dramatic change in life forms.
c) Different types of rock formed.
d) Major earthquakes.
How is the fossil record important?
a) It provides a safe space to store all discovered fossils.
b) It chronologically orders fossils.
c) It provides evolutionary links between species.
d) It allows us to predict fossils that have yet to be discovered.
Which theory does evidence found in sedimentary rocks best support?
a) Most organisms from Earth’s history still exist.
b) Organisms have not changed significantly over time.
c) All organisms from Earth’s history have become extinct.
d) Organisms have evolved from simple to complex life forms.
Fossils of ocean clams are found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these fossils most likely indicate?
a) The area that is now mountains was once under the oceans.
b) The mountains once had a more rainy climate.
c) The rock layers in which these fossils were found is composed of igneous rock.
d) The rock layers in which these fossils were found are composed of metamorphic rock
Fossil A is found in a rock layer below fossil B. Which is true about fossil A?
a) Fossil A is younger than fossil B
b) Fossil A is older than fossil B
c) Fossil A is the same age as fossil B
d) Not enough information to determine the age
Which is not a characteristic of an index fossil?
a) Widespread
b) Abundant
c) Lived during many geologic time periods.
d) Lived during a specific geologic time period.
Which is the most accurate way of determining the absolute age of a fossil?
a) Radioactive dating
b) Relative dating
c) Dating index fossils
d) Dating the rock layers above the fossil.
Which generalization can be made about the relative age of a fossil found in a sedimentary rock bed?
a) The fossil is younger than the rock layer above it.
b) The fossil was formed before the rock layer that contains it.
c) The fossil and the rock were formed in different environments.
d) The fossil was formed around the same time as the rock layer that contains it.
Index fossils help scientists estimate the age of a rock because index fossil species only existed for a relatively short time. What happened to the species that are now used as index fossils?
a) They became extinct.
b) They changed their diets.
c) They hid in marine sediments.
d) They migrated to new environments.
Through relative dating, a geologist finds a fossil that is approximately 10,000 years old. Which radioactive element would the geologist most likely use to accurately calculate th
a) gallium-67 with a half-life of 78 hours
b) carbon-14 with a half-life of 5,700 years
c) plutonium-238 with a half-life of 88 years
d) iodine-129 with a half-life of 16 million years
If rock layer A is on top of rock layer B and rock layer B is on top of rock layer C, which of the following is true according to the law of superposition?
a) Rock layer C is older than A and B.
b) Rock layer A is older than B and C.
c) Rock layer B is younger than A and C.
d) All of the rock layers are relatively the same age.
What kinds of things do scientists date using Radiometric dating with Carbon-14? Why?
a) Rocks, because rocks are really old.
b) Rocks and Fossils because Carbon is in everything
c) Only fossils because rocks were never living, so they don't lose Carbon 14 over time.
d) Only rocks because rocks were never living, so they don't lose Carbon 14 over time.
Which method is used to determine absolute age of a rock or fossil?
a) Radioactive dating
b) Relative dating
c) Law of Superposition
d) Ice Cores
Why are ice cores important to the study of geologic history?
a) They show unconformities, which signal changes in sediment formation.
b) They hold index fossils and give us the relative age of rock layers
c) They contain evidence showing changes in the atmospheric conditions
d) They follow the law of superposition, which tells us information about species extinction
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