Living Environment Regents Review Question Preview (ID: 61870)


Topic 5-7. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

A scientist at a large natural history museum has a collection of fossils that were found throughout the world. Only a few of the fossils represent species that are still alive on Earth today. One reason for this is that
a) most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are alive today.
b) most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are extinct
c) fossils of only extinct species have been found
d) species alive today will not form any fossils for future discovery by scientists

If the temperature of the tissue samples used in an experiment had been raised from 37°C (body temperature) to 50°C, the results would have been different because
a) more enzymes are produced at higher temperatures, increasing the amount of hydrogen peroxide
b) more hydrogen peroxide is released at higher temperatures, increasing the activity of catalase
c) increasing temperatures altered the structure of catalase, decreasing oxygen production
d) increasing temperatures decreased the synthesis of amino acids, increasing levels of hydrogen peroxide

Which type of biome occupies the largest area of Earth?
a) marine
b) grassland
c) tropical rain forest
d) temperate deciduous forest

The hemlock wooly adelgid is an invasive insect species that is destroying native hemlock trees in New York State. These insects can upset natural ecosystems because they
a) provide food for native bird species
b) can carry diseases that can be spread to pets
c) increase biodiversity in New York State forests
d) disrupt habitats that native species depend upon

Which statement best describes a situation where competition occurs in an ecosystem?
a) A deer outruns an attacking wolf.
b) A deer, during the winter, consumes tree bark.
c) A deer and rabbit consume grass in a field.
d) A deer and a rabbit are both startled by a hawk flying overhead.

Some scientists have collected and stored seeds for many types of food-producing plants. The purpose of this is to
a) increase the destruction of environments
b) continue the deforestation of world ecosystems
c) decrease the dependence on plants for food
d) preserve the diversity of plant species

The science of ecology is best defined as the study of
a) the classification of plants and animals
b) the interactions of living organisms and their environment
c) technology and its effects on society
d) weather and its effects on food production in the ocean

All of Earth's water, land, and atmosphere within which life exists is known as
a) a population
b) a community
c) a biome
d) the biosphere

Many scientists believe that the earliest cells on Earth were relatively simple, lacking nuclear membranes and other organized cellular structures. Over time, more complex cells developed from these simple cells. These statements describe the concept
a) inheritance of acquired characteristics
b) evolution
c) dominance
d) use and disuse

Some behaviors such as mating and caring for young are genetically determined in certain species of birds. The presence of these behaviors is most likely due to the fact that
a) birds do not have the ability to learn
b) individual birds need to learn to survive and reproduce
c) these behaviors helped birds to survive in the past
d) within their lifetimes, birds developed these behaviors

A change in the sequence of T, G, A, and C would result in
a) nondisjunction
b) polyploidy
c) a sex-linked gene
d) a gene mutation

In order for new species to develop, there must be a change in the
a) temperature of the environment
b) migration patterns within a population
c) genetic makeup of a population
d) rate of succession in the environment

At one point, scientists observed that the ozone shield was getting thinner. They warned that the loss of the effectiveness of this shield may lead to an increase in
a) allergies to ozone
b) mutations that lead to cancer
c) viral diseases, such as AIDS
d) ice formation at the poles

Before a cell divides, an exact copy of each chromosome is made by the process of
a) genetic engineering
b) replication
c) mutation
d) recombination

In a portion of a gene, the nitrogenous base sequence is T-C-G-A-A-T. Which nitrogenous base sequence would normally be found bonded to this section of the gene?
a) A-C-G-T-A-A
b) A-C-G-U-U-A
c) A-G-C-T-T-A
d) U-G-C-A-A-U

A hydrangea plant has blue flowers when grown in acidic soil, but has pink flowers when grown in basic soil. A clone of the pink-flowered plant is grown in acidic soil and produces blue flowers. This change in flower color is most likely due to
a) sexual reproduction in the plants, resulting in variation
b) asexual reproduction in the plants, resulting in variation
c) genes being expressed in different ways due to environmental conditions
d) a gene mutation that occurred after the clone was produced

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