Chemistry Regents Review 1 Question Preview (ID: 61683)


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In the wave-mechanical model of an atom, an orbital is defined as
a) a region of the most probable neutron location
b) a region of the most probable electron location
c) the straight-line path of a neutron
d) the straight-line path of an electron

In the ground state, which shell of a potassium atom has an electron with the greatest amount of energy?
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) fourth

Which phrase describes two atoms that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?
a) ions of the same element
b) isotopes of the same element
c) a mixture of different elements
d) nuclides of different elements

All atoms of an element have the same
a) mass number
b) atomic mass
c) number of neutrons
d) number of protons

A structural formula differs from a molecular formula in that a structural formula shows the
a) arrangement of atoms
b) number of atoms
c) ratio of atoms
d) types of atoms

Which type of reaction occurs when a compound is separated into its elements?
a) synthesis
b) decomposition
c) single replacement
d) double replacement

Which terms represent two categories of compounds?
a) chemical and physical
b) chemical and molecular
c) ionic and physical
d) ionic and molecular

When an atom of hydrogen and an atom of chlorine combine to form a molecule of hydrogen chloride, a bond is
a) formed as energy is absorbed
b) formed as energy is released
c) broken as energy is absorbed
d) broken as energy is released

All atoms of the element vanadium must have the same
a) atomic number
b) mass number
c) number of neutrons plus electrons
d) number of protons plus neutrons

Two liquids can be separated by distillation due to a difference in
a) concentration
b) conductivity
c) boiling point
d) heat of fusion

Which unit can be used to express the concentration of a PbCl2(aq) solution?
a) kelvins
b) kilojoules per gram
c) pascals
d) parts per million

According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement explains why an ideal gas can be compressed to a smaller volume?
a) The motion of the gas particles is circular and orderly.
b) The force of attraction between the gas particles is strong.
c) As the gas particles collide, the total energy of the system decreases.
d) The gas particles are separated by great distances relative to their size.

Compared to a 1.0-L sample of CO2(g) in a sealed, rigid container at STP, a 1.0-L sample of CH4(g) in a sealed, rigid container at STP has the same
a) density
b) molar mass
c) chemical properties
d) number of molecules

What is the purpose of adding a catalyst to a chemical reaction?
a) to decrease the potential energy of the products
b) to increase the potential energy of the reactants
c) to convert solid reactants to liquid reactants
d) to provide an alternate reaction pathway

Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward
a) lower energy and less disorder
b) lower energy and greater disorder
c) higher energy and less disorder
d) higher energy and greater disorder

Which reaction occurs at the anode in an electrochemical cell?
a) neutralization
b) oxidation
c) reduction
d) substitution

Which substance always forms when an Arrhenius acid reacts with an Arrhenius base?
a) CO2
b) H2
c) CH3OH
d) H2O

One potential benefi t of nuclear fusion reactions is
a) reactor meltdown
b) uncontrolled chain reaction
c) production of large amounts of energy
d) production of radioactive waste materials

Which conclusion was developed as a result of the gold foil experiment?
a) Atoms are mostly empty space
b) All atoms are hard, indivisible spheres.
c) Atoms have different volumes.
d) All atoms have the same volume.

Which two particles each have a mass approximately equal to one atomic mass unit?
a) positron and proton
b) positron and electron
c) neutron and electron
d) neutron and proton

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