January 2023 Living Environment Regents Questions 21-30 Question Preview (ID: 61245)

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The overall process is important because it

a) may be used to make human DNA identical to that of other organisms

b) helps scientists understand how amino acids are grouped together to form a genetic code

c) results in the production of carbohydrates that cannot mutate and cause disease

d) may be used to produce chemicals that can be used to treat certain human disorders

When a person is threatened, the pituitary gland releases a hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands to release stress hormones. These stress hormones can cause a temporary increase in heart rate. This is an example of

a) an enzyme interaction

b) a feedback mechanism

c) an immune-system response

d) an allergic reaction

The cells of the offspring would have

a) half the genetic information, when compared to cells of the parent plant’s leaves

b) the same genetic information, when compared to cells of the parent plant

c) twice as much genetic information as is present in the cells of the parent plant

d) incomplete genetic information, because the parent plant does not produce seeds

It would be most accurate to conclude that the snails of this species

a) changed in size due to environmental changes that affected the survival of different-sized snails

b) grew smaller, then larger over time as the environment changed from a wetter to a drier climate

c) changed in size at different times, because they needed better protection from predators

d) grew larger because, as organisms evolve, they always become larger and more complex

Since the four types of cells contain the same genetic instructions, how is it possible for them to have different shapes and carry out different functions?

a) Each cell type has the ability to remove unnecessary DNA sequences.

b) Different parts of the genetic code may be used in each of the cell types.

c) Different gene mutations take place within each cell type.

d) Each cell type is the result of different methods of cell division.

Human society has become increasingly dependent on industry and technology. While this has had many benefits, it also has had the disadvantage of

a) reducing the amount of food that can be produced by one acre of farmland

b) lowering the level of carbon dioxide available for plants to use for photosynthesis

c) raising the number of producers worldwide to dangerous levels

d) increasing our reliance on energy sources such as fossil fuels

Using the technique of freezing is preferable to using chemical insecticides because a major disadvantage of using chemical pesticides is that they

a) are highly toxic to the bedbugs, but not toxic to other organisms

b) could remain in the clothing or bedding and harm humans later

c) are made of molecules so the bedbugs will not develop resistance to them

d) could be useful for medical research and should not be wasted on bedbugs

Such fossils allow scientists to conclude that

a) dinosaurs and birds all ate the same foods

b) sexual reproduction in birds resulted in dinosaurs

c) dinosaurs and birds share a common ancestor

d) dinosaurs and birds belong to the same species

Which row in the chart below contains the correct sequence of events involved in the formation of a human embryo?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

The overall series of events best illustrates the process of

a) H. pylori control by the stomach

b) DNA replication in bacterial cells

c) mutation of the antibiotic used in the treatment

d) natural selection in H. pylori bacteria

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