June 2022 Living Environment Regents Questions 31-50 Question Preview (ID: 59686)

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The changes observed over time occurred as the organisms

a) needed to change the habitat where they lived from land to water

b) needed to change the habitat where they lived from water to land

c) developed variations that made it possible for them to move from land to water

d) developed variations that made it possible for them to move from water to land

This increase in the size of some fish populations is a result of human

a) actions that killed many of the predators of these fish populations

b) decisions that weighed the need for food with the need to maintain fish populations

c) activities that are increasing the use of nonrenewable resources of the oceans

d) decisions that are increasing the use of renewable ocean resources

During which five-year span did the largest drop in fishing occur?

a) 1970 and 1975

b) 1975 and 1980

c) 1980 and 1985

d) 1990 and 1995

Based on the data provided, a reasonable interpretation would be that

a) in 2004-2005, some individuals caught the flu from the vaccine

b) g the virus mutated in 2014-2015, resulting in the vaccine being less effective

c) people have become immune to the flu vaccine over the 13-year period

d) the vaccine has become increasingly effective over the 13-year period

A gene mutation resulting in insecticide resistance would most likely increase in the bed bug population because

a) more bed bugs will need to be resistant to the insecticide

b) the insecticide-resistant bed bugs will survive and reproduce

c) the bed bugs with the resistance gene will reproduce asexually

d) spraying an insecticide will allow more bed bugs without mutations to survive

The substances which allow the bed bugs to break down insecticides and the biological pumps which remove the insecticides from the bed bugs are examples of

a) the failure of homeostasis

b) genetic engineering

c) biological adaptations

d) selective breeding

Which model, that shows only some of the chromosomes in each of the two types of cells, best explains why these cells are so different?

a) The cells each contain different chromosomes

b) All genes in the cell are expressed

c) Only genes from these chromosomes are expressed in each cell

d) Different genes are expressed in each cell

What was the approximate change in CO2 level from the year 1000 to the year 2000?

a) an increase of 135 ppm

b) an increase of 95 ppm

c) a decrease of 135 ppm

d) a decrease of 95 ppm

The process that occurs at Step 1 is

a) respiration

b) circulation

c) excretion

d) digestion

Cell structure X is a

a) ribosome

b) vacuole

c) cell membrane

d) mitochondrion

The most likely order in which these events occur is

a) A – D – B – C

b) B – A – C – D

c) D – A – B – C

d) D – B – A – C

Scientific claims should be questioned if

a) peer review was used to examine the claims made by scientists

b) the experimental results cannot be repeated by other scientists

c) conclusions follow logically from the evidence

d) the data are based on samples that are very large

This process normally produces

a) one functional gamete with one-quarter of the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell

b) one functional gamete with one-half of the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell

c) four functional gametes, each with one-quarter of the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell

d) four functional gametes, each with one-half of the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell

A reasonable inference based on these results would be that

a) Aloe vera affected the rate of cell division, resulting in an increased rate of regeneration

b) the control group, which received no Aloe vera, did not regenerate

c) if she applied 30% Aloe vera to a group, it would regenerate tissue more rapidly than the 40% group

d) the application of Aloe vera to earthworms would have no effect on tissue regeneration

Which statement best describes the relationship between the nitrogen content and the growth of the lichen?

a) As nitrogen content in the lichen increases, the growth of the lichen increases.

b) As nitrogen content in the lichen decreases, the growth of the lichen decreases.

c) As nitrogen content in the lichen decreases, the growth of the lichen increases.

d) There is not a clear relationship between the amount of nitrogen in the lichen and growth.

The most likely reason the action of the enzyme decreases after 40°C is that

a) the DNA in the enzyme mutates and can no longer break down the starch

b) enzymes die after working for a long period of constant activity in the body

c) the shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions

d) as the temperature of the enzyme rises, the pH of the environment changes, deactivating the enzyme

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