June 2022 Living Environment Regents Questions 11-20 Question Preview (ID: 59684)
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The reason the hormones affect the target cell and not the other cells is that the
a) hormone provides energy only for the target cell
b) target cell has specific receptors for the hormone
c) nontarget cells produce antibodies that block the hormone
d) hormones can only leave the bloodstream near the target cell
This mutation can best be described as the
a) pairing of an adenine (A) base with thymine (T)
b) the insertion of an adenine (A) base into both strands of the DNA molecule
c) the substitution of an adenine (A) base for guanine (G)
d) deletion of an adenine (A) base from the DNA molecule
After digesting the nutrients from a meal high in carbohydrates, the body
a) releases insulin to return the blood sugar levels to normal
b) secretes enzymes to absorb starch into the intestines
c) produces water to maintain dynamic equilibrium in the blood
d) maintains homeostasis by increasing wastes produced in muscle cells
This is an adaptation that benefits plants by
a) increasing the flow of liquid water into leaves, which increases the rate of food and oxygen production
b) regulating the flow of water vapor out of leaves, preventing excess water loss by the plant
c) increasing the flow of oxygen molecules into the leaves, which increases the rate of photosynthesis
d)
The loss of this protection most directly interferes with
a) homeostasis
b) excretion
c) reproduction
d) respiration
Which organism is correctly paired with its role in the ecosystem?
a) The grass is both a consumer and a decomposer.
b) The toads function as consumers and autotrophs.
c) The grasshoppers function as consumers and heterotrophs.
d) The snakes are both consumers and herbivores.
Milk allergies are different because they
a) are often not harmful to the person
b) result in a build-up of the substance in the body
c) are the result of the digestive system attacking the substance
d) result from an overreaction of the immune system to a harmless substance
One reason energy must be constantly added to a stable ecosystem is because some energy is
a) lost at each feeding level
b) incorporated into fossil fuels
c) destroyed by decomposers
d) digested by herbivores
Which statement best illustrates direct competition within a species?
a) A chipmunk is caught and eaten by a hungry fox.
b) A deer attempts to escape a mountain lion that is chasing it.
c) Two muskrats mate and produce a litter of offspring.
d) Several squirrels eat acorns from the oak tree where they live.
After a kidney transplant, special medications are taken. Otherwise, the patient’s immune system might react to the transplanted kidney by
a) producing specialized proteins that would attack the kidney
b) signaling the body to synthesize new DNA molecules
c) stimulating the circulatory system to attack red blood cells
d) stimulating the kidney to produce reproductive hormones
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