Geology Question Preview (ID: 59032)


You Will Learn About The Rock Cycle And The Process Of Formation Of Sedimentary, Igneous, And Metamorphic Rocks. You Will Study The Physical Properties Of Minerals And How They Are Formed. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

Gabe, Alexander, and Terrell observed some igneous rocks. Some of the rocks have small, fine grains while other rocks have large, coarse grains. Which statement would MOST LIKELY explain this difference?
a) Some of the rocks were exposed to weathering.
b) Some rocks cooled faster than other rocks when they formed.
c) The rocks with larger grains were formed from larger sediments.
d) The rocks with larger grains experienced less pressure during formation.

A farmer planted straight rows of cotton. He became concerned about the amount of soil erosion he was experiencing due to run off. Which method would MOST LIKELY prevent the soil erosion due to runoff?
a) use crop rotation
b) plant a wind break
c) reestablish forest cover
d) practice contour farming

In examining different soil samples, students discovered decaying leaves in some of the samples. They disagreed about whether the leaves should be included as part of the sample. Which statement is the BEST reason for including the leaves?
a) Soil is nonliving, so it should not include plant or animal remains.
b) Soil is made ONLY of rocks that have been broken down over time.
c) Soil has different layers, and only the top layer is organic material.
d) Soil consists of weathered rocks AND decomposed organic material.

A scientist theorized that the continents move on Earth’s surface. Later, other scientists proved the ocean floor moves away from a mid-ocean ridge as magma rises through the rift, then solidifies to become new lithosphere. How?
a) It showed that if the ocean floor moved, so could other land masses.
b) It showed that if the ocean floor moved, so could other land masses.
c) It showed that the continents were moving away from mid-ocean ridges.
d) It showed that mountain building, volcanoes, and earthquakes occur underneath the ocean.

When two tectonic plates move away from each other, what will MOST LIKELY be created if this movement continues?
a) fault
b) trench
c) rift valley
d) river plain

A deep-diving research submarine is examining the deepest part of the western Pacific Ocean near the Marianas Islands. The name of this deep ocean feature is the Marianas _______.
a) Trench
b) Rift
c) Beach
d) lithospheric plate

The fossils found in the upper layers of a cliff show desert plants that held and retained water. The fossils in the lower layers of the cliff show many tropical rainforest plants such as ferns. What MOST LIKELY explains these differences?
a) The climate in the location was drier during later time periods.
b) The climate in the location was colder during later time periods.
c) There was an increasing number of animals bringing new plants into the location during later time periods.
d) There was an increasing number of plant-eating animals in the location during later time periods.

In a diagram of Earth’s layers, how should the temperature be labeled on the different layers?
a) The crust would be hotter than the mantle.
b) The outer core would be hotter than the mantle.
c) The crust would be hotter than the inner core.
d) The outer core would be hotter than the inner core.

Igneous rock is formed when magma or lava cools and turns ________.
a) into a gas
b) into another type of lava
c) solid
d) into a mineral

______ rock is formed when existing rock is changed by heat and very high pressure on the rock.
a) Metamorphic
b) Igneous
c) Sedimentary
d) Lava

Fossils, the remains or traces of plants and animals that lived a long time ago. are found in sedimentary rock and are evidence of the environment changing over _____.
a) seasons
b) time
c) the outer core
d) water

On a trip to a river, Cornelia found a rock. When she observed the rock more closely, she saw small particles, some shell fossils, and large particles. What conclusion can she make about the rock?
a) The fossils mean this is most likely a sedimentary rock.
b) The particle size means this is most likely an igneous rock.
c) More information is needed because the rock could be either igneous or metamorphic.
d) More information is needed because the rock could be either metamorphic or sedimentary.

The rock cycle is a slow process through which rocks transform from one type of rock to _____.
a) another type
b) a mineral
c) a fossil
d) a gemstone

Over millions of years, the pressure of other materials on top of broken-down bits of granite and sediment creates what type of rock?
a) extrusive igneous
b) sedimentary
c) metamorphic
d) intrusive igneous

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