June 2021 (v202) Living Environment Regents Questions 21-30 Question Preview (ID: 56883)

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Which human activity has the potential to greatly affect the equilibrium of an ecosystem?

a) cutting down a few small evergreen trees and using them to make holiday decorations

b) mowing the playing fields in a city park

c) washing a car with a detergent-based cleaner

d) emptying an aquarium containing many nonnative fish of several species into a local lake

Which statement describes a failure of homeostasis in humans?

a) When activity in an individual increases, the body temperature rises and the individual sweats.

b) As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the human body, the lungs begin to expel more carbon dioxide.

c) A viral infection leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells being produced in the body.

d) After an individual gets a cut, certain chemical changes begin the healing process.

Some environmental engineering companies have recently designed “manufactured wetlands” to serve as natural sewage treatment plants. Utilizing the ability of wetland organisms to reduce human wastes makes use of naturally occurring

a) nutrient cycles

b) energy cycles

c) limiting factors

d) finite resources

A hummingbird may need to consume up to 50% of its body weight in sugar each day, just to meet its energy needs. Some of this energy is stored and some is used for metabolic activities, but much of the energy is

a) converted into amino acids needed for the production of starch

b) released as heat energy back into the hummingbird’s environment

c) changed into radiant energy, which can be used by plants for photosynthesis

d) used to synthesize inorganic compounds necessary for cellular respiration

Sustainable development occurs when people use their resources without depleting them. Which human activity is the best example of sustainable development?

a) draining a wetland to build houses

b) loggers planting a tree for each one cut down

c) using nets to quickly capture large numbers of fish

d) building coal-burning power plants to provide electricity

The relationship between ringworm and humans can be described as

a) predator/prey

b) predator/host

c) parasite/prey

d) parasite/host

Genetically identical yarrow plants were grown at different altitudes. Even though their genetic makeup was identical, the plants grew to different heights. One likely explanation for the different heights of the plants at each altitude is that

a) gene expression was influenced by the environment

b) genes mutated when the plants were grown at higher elevations

c) chromosomes increased in number with elevation change

d) the sequence of DNA bases was altered at different altitudes

Which biological process is represented in the diagram below?

a) photosynthesis

b) respiration

c) digestion

d) replication

The proper function of these cells is vital to the survival of the plant because they regulate the

a) rate of glucose use by root cells

b) absorption of sunlight by leaf cells

c) products of photosynthesis in the stem

d) exchange of gases in leaves

Which substance is represented by X in the diagram?

a) ATP

b) DNA

c) starch

d) glucose

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