August 2019 Living Environment Regents Questions 11-20 Question Preview (ID: 56859)

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The hair colors of the sons are most likely a direct result of

a) natural selection in males

b) heredity

c) evolution

d) environmental influences

A sample of DNA from a human skin cell contains 32% cytosine (C) bases. Approximately what percentage of the bases in this sample will be thymine (T)?

a) 18

b) 24

c) 32

d) 36

The food coloring is not harmful to most people, but in a small number of individuals, it causes a reaction and affects their ability to breathe. This response to carmine is known as

a) a stimulus

b) an allergy

c) natural selection

d) an adaptation

As a way to reduce the number of cases of malaria, a human tropical disease, a specific DNA sequence is inserted into the reproductive cells of Anopheles mosquitoes. Which process was most likely used to alter these mosquitoes?

a) cloning studies

b) genetic engineering

c) natural selection

d) random mutations

Which row in the chart below accurately identifies two causes of mutations and the cells that must be affected in order for the mutations to be passed on to offspring?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

One way this form of reproduction differs from sexual reproduction is

a) more genetic variations are seen in the offspring

b) there is a greater chance for mutations to occur

c) the offspring and the parents are genetically identical

d) the new plants possess the combined genes of both parents

If the fish population decreases, what is the most direct effect this will have on the aquatic ecosystem?

a) The leopard seals will all die from lack of food.

b) The krill population will only be consumed by seagulls.

c) The zooplankton population will increase in size.

d) The phytoplankton population will increase in size.

This sequence of changes is the result of

a) ecological succession

b) decreased biodiversity

c) biological evolution

d) environmental trade-offs

Some salmon have been genetically modified to grow bigger and mature faster than wild salmon. They are kept in fish-farming facilities. Which statement regarding genetically modified salmon is correct?

a) Genetically modified salmon produce more of some proteins than wild salmon.

b) Genetically modified salmon and wild salmon would have identical DNA.

c) Wild salmon reproduce asexually while genetically modified salmon reproduce sexually.

d) Wild salmon have an altered protein sequence, but genetically modified salmon do not.

Which group of organisms in an ecosystem fills the niche of recycling organic matter back to the environment?

a) carnivores

b) decomposers

c) producers

d) predators

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