June 2019 Living Environment Regents Questions 11-20 Question Preview (ID: 56855)

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Which term best indicates the structures represented by the circle labeled X?

a) organelles

b) chromosomes

c) organ systems

d) tissues

Scientists have observed that blood sugar levels rose by different amounts in the two individuals even though they were given identical portions of bananas and cookies. These results were obtained because

a) glucose is too large a molecule to be absorbed into the blood, so the researchers were only measuring the amount of glucose

b) participant 445 didn’t like bananas, and his body absorbed more of the food that he likes

c) individuals have genetic differences that alter their responses to environmental factors

d) two different foods were used; the scientists should have had only one experimental variable

Which row in the chart below correctly matches the human activity with its effect?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

One likely disadvantage of growing potatoes cloned in this way, year after year, would be that

a) after a few years, the potatoes would stop producing eyes altogether, so no potatoes could be grown in the garden

b) the potatoes produced each succeeding year would get larger and larger, eventually being too big for use as food

c) the cost for growing your own potatoes in the garden would be greatly reduced

d) a potato plant could become infected with a disease, and it could easily spread to the entire crop, killing all of the plants

These specialized structures on the beetle’s back allow it to

a) locate food within the harsh desert environment

b) obtain a substance that is required for survival

c) reproduce asexually if mates are not available in the area

d) increase the chances of survival by producing organic raw materials

An increase in human population puts a stress on resources that can be renewed, such as

a) trees and coal

b) water and gasoline

c) oil and natural gas

d) water and trees

Mitochondria provide ribosomes with

a) ATP for protein synthesis

b) amino acids for protein synthesis

c) oxygen for respiration

d) carbon dioxide for the production of sugars

Mutations are most directly caused by changes in the

a) cell organelles of tissues

b) genes of chromosomes

c) ribosomes in gametes

d) receptors on membranes

Animals and green plants are similar in that they

a) both carry out heterotrophic nutrition

b) all produce offspring by asexual reproduction

c) both use DNA to transmit hereditary information to offspring

d) all require oxygen to carry out photosynthesis

Two organisms of different species are not likely to compete for the same

a) food

b) mate

c) space

d) water

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