January 2019 Living Environment Regents Questions 11-20 Question Preview (ID: 56844)

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Genetic recombination, production of more offspring than can survive, and struggling with the challenges of the environment are all concepts associated with

a) natural selection

b) mitotic division

c) selective breeding

d) genetic engineering

Mistletoe is a plant that lives on the branches of trees. The mistletoe plant sends its roots in through the bark of trees and takes away water and minerals that the tree needs. In this situation, the mistletoe plant is

a) a parasite

b) a predator

c) a decomposer

d) an autotroph

An example of a population in which evolution could take place in a relatively short period of time could be

a) pathogenic bacteria exposed to antibiotics

b) oak trees in a stable ecosystem

c) elephants living in a wildlife preserve

d) algae grown under constant conditions

For future butterfly generations to have these similar structural abnormalities, gene mutations must be present in the affected butterflies'

a) wing cells

b) body cells

c) antenna cells

d) sex cells

Which cell structure plays a direct role in the release of this chemical from the cell?

a) nucleus

b) ribosome

c) chloroplast

d) cell membrane

A rich variety of genetic material in an ecosystem will

a) reduce the biodiversity of the ecosystem

b) decrease the carrying capacity of the ecosystem

c) reduce the likelihood of future medical discoveries

d) increase the chances that some organisms will survive change

The process of sexual reproduction is an important part of the process of evolution. One reason for this is that meiosis and fertilization directly produce many new

a) antigens

b) variations

c) species

d) pathogens

As a result of this procedure, the gardener would

a) soon have several varieties of garlic growing in his garden

b) need to buy new garlic cloves each year in order to keep growing garlic

c) have to fertilize the female garlic plants each year so the garlic plants could produce their own cloves

d) need to be aware that if any of his garlic plants became diseased, it could very likely infect the entire crop

When humans place grass clippings and other yard waste in landfills, they are most directly interfering with the natural process of

a) recycling energy

b) the production of energy

c) recycling organic compounds

d) the production of organic compounds

Which statement is an example of a feedback mechanism in humans?

a) An increase in the level of blood sugar results in the pancreas increasing the amount of insulin it secretes.

b) Increased exposure to pathogenic bacteria results in an increase in the number of red blood cells produced.

c) An increase in exercise results in a decrease in the rate of respiration.

d) Increased muscle activity results in a decrease in heart rate.

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