Unit 1: Chapter 1 Question Preview (ID: 52933)
Models Of Explanation In Science And Psychology Including Ways Of Knowing, Goals Of Science, And Characteristics Of Science.
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Jordan has joined Heaven's Gate Cult. She believes the world will end on April 1st even though the scientific data says otherwise. Jordan's fixation of belief is via the ____.
a) Scientific Method
b) Authority Method
c) Tenacity Method
d) A Priori Method
Mark decides to bring an umbrella after watching the weather report. Mark's fixation of belief is via the ____.
a) Authority Method
b) A Priori Method
c) Tenacity Method
d) Scientific method
“Occam’s razor” is another name for _____
a) good thinking.
b) the scientific mentality.
c) reactivity.
d) the principle of parsimony.
“Truth” in science is provisional since old information is constantly challenged and reevaluated. Which characteristic of science best reflects this perspective?
a) good thinking
b) self-correction
c) the principle of parsimony
d) the scientific mentality
Einstein predicted that gravity could bend light to create the appearance of two stars when there was only one. Since he made his prediction before researchers possessed the technology to observe this phenomenon, this prediction was not _____ at the
a) accurate
b) objective
c) parsimonious
d) testable
_____ is a systematic and unbiased account of the observed characteristics of behaviors.
a) Description
b) Prediction
c) Explanation
d) Control
Researchers should use _____ to counteract the influence of theories on their selection of questions for study.
a) commonsense psychology
b) good thinking
c) replication
d) self-correction
In the phenomenon of _____, the more data we have, the more certain we are of our predictions.
a) confirmatory bias
b) overconfidence bias
c) stereotyping
d) the gambler’s fallacy
Who described the role of the “weight of evidence” in revising scientific explanations?
a) Aristotle
b) David Hume
c) Sir Carl Popper
d) Alfred North Whitehead
_____ explain and predict behavior across the widest range of situations.
a) Constructs
b) Hypotheses
c) Laws
d) Theories
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