Living Environment Review 4: Genetics Question Preview (ID: 47409)


Genetics. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

During the summer, the arctic fox produces enzymes that cause its fur to become reddish brown. During winter, these enzymes do not function. As a result, the fox has a white coat that blends into the snowy background. This change shows that
a) the genes of a fox are made of unstable DNA
b) mutations can be caused by temperature extremes
c) random alteration of DNA can occur on certain chromosomes
d) the expression of certain genes is affected by temperature

In a particular variety of corn, the kernels turn turn red when exposed to sunlight. In the absence of sunlight, the kernels remain yellow. Based on this information, it can be concluded that the color of these corn kernels is due to
a) a different types of DNA that is produced when sunlight is present.
b) a different species of corn that is produced in sunlight
c) the effect of sunlight on the number of chromosomes inherited
d) the effect of environment of gene expression

Plants inherit genes that enable them to produce chlorophyll, but this pigment is not produced unless the plants are exposed to light. This is an example of how the environment can
a) cause mutations to occur
b) influence the expression of genetic traits
c) result in the appearance of a new species
d) affect one plant species, but not another

A human liver cell is very different in structure and function from a nerve cell in the same person. This is best explained by the fact that
a) different genes function in each type of cell
b) liver cells can reproduce while nerve cells
c) liver cells contain fewer chromosomes than nerve cells
d) different DNA is present in each type of cell

Genes are inherited, but their expressions can be modified by the environment. This statement explains why
a) some animals have dark fur only when the temperature is within a certain range
b) offspring produced by means of sexual reproduction look exactly like their parents
c) identical twins who grow up in different homes have the same characteristics
d) animals can be cloned, but plants cannot

The brown summer feathers of ptarmigans, small Arctic birds, are replaced by white feathers after winter arrives. Which statement best explains this observation?
a) The expression of genes can be modified by the environment.
b) Holes in the ozone layer vary in size depending on the season.
c) Acids in rain bleach the brown feathers of the birds.
d) Mutations occur only during certain seasons

A human liver cell and a human skin cell in the same person have the same genetic sequences. However, these cells are different because the liver cell
a) has more dominant traits than the skin cell
b) can reproduce but the skim cell cannot
c) carries out respiration but the skin cell does not
d) uses different genes than the skin cell

Although identical twins inherit exact copies of the same genes, the twins may look and act differently from each other because
a) a mutation took place in the gametes that produced the twins
b) the expression of genes may be modified by environmental factors
c) the expression of genes may be different in males and females
d) a mutation took place in the zygote that produced the twins

A towel placed on a lawn for a length of time can cause the grass beneath it to lose its green color. The most probable explanation for this is that darkness
a) affects the expression of certain genes in the grass
b) causes a mutation in the plants
c) affects the structure of the cell membranes in the grass
d) causes plants to switch to heterotrophic nutrition

Scientific studies show that identical twins who are separated at birth and raised in different homes may vary in height, weight, and intelligence. The most probable explanation for these differences is that
a) original genes of each twin increased in number as they developed
b) one twin received genes only from the mother while the other twin received genes only from the father
c) environments in which they were raised were different enough to affect the expression of their genes
d) environments in which they were raised were different enough to change the genetic makeup of both individuals

Hereditary information is stored inside the
a) only those cells of an individual produced by meiosis
b) the nuclei of body cells of an individual
c) certain genes in the vacuoles of the body cells
d) the numerous ribosomes in certain cells

Most of the hereditary information that determines the traits of an organism is located in
a) ribosomes, which have chromosomes that contain many genes
b) ribosomes, which have genes that contain many chromosomes
c) nucleus, which has chromosomes that contain many genes
d) nucleus, which has genes that contain many chromosomes

A basketball player develops speed and power as a result of practice. This athletic ability will not be passed on to her offspring because
a) muscle cells do not carry genetic information
b) mutations that occur in body cells are not inhertited
c) gametes do not carry complete sets of genetic information
d) base sequences in DNA are not affected by this activity

The transfer of genes from parents to their offspring is known as
a) differentiation
b) heredity
c) immunity
d) evolution

Young birds that have been raised in isolation from members of their species build nests characteristic of their species. This suggests that the nest-building behavior is
a) sequences of A, T, C, and G
b) chains of complex amino acids
c) folded protein molecules
d) simple inorganic sugars

Asexually reproducing organisms pass on hereditary information as
a) genetically inherited from parents
b) learned by watching members of their species
c) a disadvantage to the survival of the species
d) a direct result of the type of food the bird eats

Which factor has the greatest influence on the development of new, inheritable characteristics?
a) combination of genes resulting from mitosis
b) mutations of genes in reproductive cells
c) sorting of genes during asexual reproduction
d) recombining genes during differentiation

Most cells in the body of a fruit fly contain 8 chromosomes. How many of these chromosomes were contributed by each parent of the fruit fly?
a) 8
b) 2
c) 16
d) 4

The genetic code of a DNA molecule is determined by a specific sequence of
a) ATP molecules
b) sugar molecules
c) chemical bonds
d) molecular bases

The DNA of a human cell can be cut and rearranged by using
a) a scalpel
b) electrophoresis
c) hormones
d) enzymes

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