GENETICS AND HEREDITY Question Preview (ID: 46341)
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1. A child has brown hair and brown eyes. His father has brown hair and blue eyes. His mother has red hair and brown eyes. The best explanation for the child having brown hair and brown eyes is that
a) a gene mutation occurred that resulted in brown hair and brown eyes
b) gene expression must change in each generation so evolution can occur
c) the child received genetic information from each parent
d) cell from his mother’s eyes were present in the fertilized egg
All cells in an embryo have the same DNA. However, the embryonic cells form organs, such as the brain and the kidneys, which have very different structures and functions. These differences are the result of
a) having two types of cells, one type from each parent
b) rapid mitosis causing mutations in embryo cells
c) new combinations of cells resulting from meiosis
d) certain genes being expressed in some cells and not in others
A mutation changes a gene in a cell in the stomach of an organism. This mutation could cause a change in
a) both the organism and its offspring
b) the organism, but not its offspring
c) its offspring, but not the organism itself
d) neither the organism nor its offspring
The DNA of a human cell can be cut and rearranged using
a) a scalpel
b) electrophoresis
c) horomones
d) enzymes
A boy inherits genes for tallness, but his growth is limited as a result of poor nutrition. This is an example of
a) an inherited disorder
b) environmental influence on gene expression
c) expression of a hidden trait
d) a characteristic controlled by more than one pair of genes
Chromosome can be described as
a) large molecules that have only one function
b) folded chains of bonded glucose molecules
c) reproductive cells composed of molecular bases
d) coiled strands of genetic material
Cells that develop from a single zygote all contain identical DNA molecules. However, some of these cells will develop differently because
a) different groups of cells containing the DNA may be exposed to different environmental conditions
b) only the DNA in certain cells will replicate
c) some of the DNA in some of the cells will be removed by chemical reactions
d) DNA is functional in only 10% of the cells of the body
Mustard gas removes guanine (G) from DNA. For developing embryos, exposure to mustard gas can cause serious deformities because guanine
a) stores the building blocks of proteins
b) supports the structure of ribosomes
c) produces energy for genetic transfer
d) is part of the genetic code
29. In sexually reproducing organisms, mutations can be inherited if they occur in
a) the egg, only , only
b) the sperm, only
c) any body cell of either the mother or the father
d) either the egg or the sperm
One disadvantage of a genetic mutation in a human skin cell is that it
a) may result in the production of a defective protein
b) may alter the sequence of simple sugars in insulin molecules
c) can lead to a lower mutation rate in the offspring of the human
d) can alter the rate of all the metabolic processes in the human
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