Modern Genetics Question Preview (ID: 46305)
Advances In Genetics.
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All of the following statements are reasons for selective breeding except:
a) to clone every gene on a single chromosome in human DNA
b) to identify the sequence of every gene in a human cell.
c) to cure genetic diseases
d) to inbreed the best genes on every chromosome in human DNA
What is a genome?
a) To produce offspring with desirable characteristics
b) To improve the quality of food products
c) Farmers increase their profit by improving crops
d) To increase migration patterns
Which of these is an example of the benefits of genetic engineering?
a) all the DNA in every cell of all organisms
b) all the DNA in one cell of an organism
c) all the cells in an organism
d) all the proteins a cell can make
What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project?
a) cross-breeding to create disease-resistant crops
b) creating human insulin to treat people with diabetes
c) analyzing karyotypes and pedigree charts
d) growing a new plant from a cutting
Cloning results in two organisms that are
a) both adult mammals.
b) produced from cuttings.
c) genetically similar.
d) genetically identical.
Hemophilia is caused by a(an)
a) a person inherits a recessive allele.
b) chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis.
c) sickle-shaped cells become stuck in blood vessels.
d) blood fails to clot properly.
Down syndrome most often occurs when
a) chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis
b) DNA does not replicate
c) fluid builds up in the lungs
d) a chromosome is missing in a gene
What genetic disorder results in abnormally shaped blood cells?
a) recessive allele on the X chromosome.
b) extra chromosome.
c) dominant allele.
d) codominant allele.
What is a karyotype?
a) a sex-linked genetic disorder
b) a picture of a baby before it is born
c) a picture of the chromosomes in a cell
d) fluid that surrounds a baby before it is born
Which genetic disorder causes the body to produce unusually thick mucus in the lungs and intestines?
a) hemophilia
b) Down syndrome
c) cystic fibrosis
d) sickle-cell disease
Genetic disorders are caused by
a) pedigrees.
b) DNA mutations or changes in chromosomes.
c) dominant alleles only.
d) recessive alleles only.
What must occur for a girl to be colorblind?
a) Each parent must be colorblind.
b) Each parent must have the dominant allele for colorblindness.
c) Each parent must have the recessive allele for colorblindness.
d) Each parent must have two codominant alleles for colorblindness.
A carrier is a person who has
a) one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait.
b) two recessive alleles for a trait.
c) two dominant alleles for a trait.
d) more than two alleles for a trait.
Sex-linked genes are genes on
a) the X chromosome only.
b) the Y chromosome only.
c) the X and Y chromosomes.
d) all 23 pairs of chromosomes.
How does a geneticist use pedigrees?
a) to create genetic crosses
b) to replicate identical strings of DNA
c) to prove that sex-linked traits are caused by codominant alleles
d) to trace the inheritance of traits in humans
What is a pedigree?
a) a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
b) a geneticist who studies the inheritance of traits in humans
c) a picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell
d) an allele passed from parent to child on a sex chromosome
Why are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females?
a) All alleles on the X chromosome are dominant.
b) All alleles on the Y chromosome are recessive.
c) A recessive allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male.
d) Any allele on the Y chromosome will be codominant with the matching allele on the X chromosome.
Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being?
a) XX
b) YY
c) XY
d) either XX or XY
Meyer lemons, originating in China, are a cross between a true lemon tree and mandarin orange tree. The fruit is much sweeter than traditional lemons, which makes this variety a favorite of gardeners and chefs alike. This is an example of
a) selective breeding
b) cloning
c) genetic engineering
d)
Which form of selective breeding crosses parents with the same or similar sets of alleles?
a) fertilization
b) inbreeding
c) hybridization
d) cloning
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