Evolution Through Natural Selection Question Preview (ID: 46303)
Evolution, Natural Selection.
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A species is a group of similar organisms that
a) can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring.
b) can live together on an island.
c) can migrate to an island from the mainland.
d) all have exactly the same traits.
What did Darwin infer from his observations of organisms in South America and the Galápagos Islands?
a) The organisms on the Galápagos Islands were virtually identical to mainland organisms.
b) A small number of different plant and animal species had come to the mainland from the Galápagos Islands.
c) The organisms on the Galápagos Islands were completely unrelated to mainland organisms.
d) A small number of different plant and animal species had come to the Galápagos Islands from the mainland.
Differences between members of the same species are called
a) predators.
b) selections.
c) traits.
d) variations.
Which of these is one of the main ways that a new species forms?
a) A group is separated from the rest of the species.
b) Competition occurs between members of the species.
c) Mutations occur in the alleles of members of the species.
d) Hybrid animals reproduce to create dihybrid animals
What are fossils?
a) molds and casts of organisms that live today
b) drawings of ancient animals and other organisms
c) footprints or burrows of small animals that live today
d) the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past
Which term refers to similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor?
a) DNA sequences
b) developmental organisms
c) homologous structures
d) punctuated equilibria
If two organisms look very similar during their early stages of development, this is evidence that the organisms
a) are not related.
b) evolved from different ancestors.
c) have exactly the same DNA.
d) evolved from a common ancestor.
A branching tree, or cladogram, is
a) a species of tree that is not closely related to other tree species.
b) a diagram showing how scientists think different groups of organisms are related.
c) a drawing that shows where different animals live in a tree.
d) a homologous structure that many plants have.
Scientists combine evidence from fossils, body structures, early development, DNA, and protein structures to
a) determine what bones an animal has in its forelimbs.
b) decide which fossils are older than others.
c) determine the evolutionary relationships among species.
d) determine whether an organism will have gills during its early development.
What did Darwin observe about finches in the Galápagos Islands?
a) Their feathers were adapted to match their environment.
b) Their beaks were adaptations related to the foods the finches ate.
c) They had identical phenotypes in all locations.
d) They had identical genotypes in all locations.
A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce is called a(an)
a) mutation.
b) evolution.
c) migration.
d) variation.
The gradual change in a species over time is called
a) mutation.
b) selection.
c) adaptation.
d) variation.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
a) natural selection
b) overproduction
c) competition
d) variation
Which term refers to a species creating more offspring than can possibly survive?
a) natural selection
b) overproduction
c) evolution
d) variation
What evidence suggests that the ancestors of whales once walked on land?
a) Whales perform walking motions as they swim.
b) Whales have similar DNA to elephants.
c) Scientists have found fossils of whalelike creatures that had legs.
d) Whales breathe through lungs.
Darwin concluded that organisms on the Galápagos Islands
a) had remained the same.
b) had changed over time.
c) were the result of selective breeding.
d) had no variations.
Which of the following BEST describes the effect that natural selection might have on a species over time?
a) More long-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.
b) More short-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.
c) Short-necked giraffes grew longer necks to reach higher leaves.
d) Short-necked giraffes modified their diets to evolve into a new species.
Which of the following most likely supports how giraffes evolved long necks?
a) The fur color of a species will always change over time, because of natural selection.
b) Predator species will always increase due to natural selection, while prey species will always die out.
c) Members of a species with traits that allow them to survive and reproduce in an environment will increase in population, whil
d) Bigger members of a species always have an advantage over smaller members. Therefore, over time, a species will eventually in
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