Clues To Earth's Past Unit Review (Pt.2) Question Preview (ID: 44818)
Clues To Earth's Past Unit Review (Pt.2).
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Another principle of relative-age dating is that sediments are deposited in large, flat sheets. The sheets, or layers, continue in all lateral directions until they thin out or until they meet a barrier, such as the Grand Canyon.
a) The Principle of Inclusion
b) The Principle of Lateral Continuity
c) The Principle of Geological Gravitation
d) The Principle of Erosion Continuity
A piece of an older rock that becomes part of a new rock is called a(n)_____________________________________.
a) fossil
b) dike
c) exclusion
d) inclusion
According to the_____________________________________________________, if one rock contains pieces of another rock, the rock containing the pieces is younger than the pieces.
a) The Principle of Inclusion
b) The Principle of Lateral Continuity
c) The Principle of Geological Gravitation
d) The Principle of Erosion Continuity
According to the________________________, if one geologic feature cuts across another feature, the feature that it cuts across is older.
a) The Principle of Inclusion
b) The Principle of Lateral Continuity
c) The Principle of Cross-Cutting
d) The Principle of Erosion Continuity
A(n) ________________________________is a surface where rock has eroded away, producing a break, or gap, in the rock record.
a) unconformity
b) inclusion
c) correlation
d) lateral continuity
In a(n)________________________________________, younger sedimentary layers are deposited on top of older, horizontal sedimentary layers that have been eroded.
a) inclusion
b) disconformity
c) angular unconformity
d) nonconformity
In a(n)_______________________________________, sedimentary layers are deposited on top of tilted or folded sedimentary layers that have been eroded.
a) inclusion
b) disconformity
c) angular unconformity
d) nonconformity
In a(n)________________________________________, younger sedimentary layers are deposited on older igneous or metamorphic rock layers that have been eroded.
a) inclusion
b) disconformity
c) angular unconformity
d) nonconformity
Matching rocks and fossils from separate locations is called ________________________________.
a) conformity
b) superposition
c) gravity
d) correlation
___________________represent species that existed on Earth for a short length of time, were abundant, and inhabited many locations. These help geologists infer that the layers in which they are found are of similar age.
a) Correlations
b) Index fossils
c) Disconformities
d) Conformities
The ______________________________________________ is a system of chronological dating that relates geological strata (stratigraphy) to time.
a) Periodic Table
b) Geological Time Frame
c) Geological Time Scale
d) None of These
________________________are the longest units of geologic time. Geologic time is divided into four large segments : Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic. These units of measurement usually last around a billion years.
a) Periods
b) Eras
c) Eons
d) Epochs
The _________________________ is the current geologic eon in the geologic time scale, and the one during which abundant animal and plant life has existed. It covers 541 million years to the present, and began with the Cambrian Period.
a) Hadean
b) Proterozoic
c) Phanerozoic
d) Archaen
Eons are subdivided into smaller units of time called ______________, which generally span around a hundred million years. These are separated by catastrophic extinction boundaries.
a) Eras
b) Periods
c) Epochs
d) None of These
Eras are subdivided into____________________________, tens to one hundred million years in duration. Examples from the Mesozoic Era are the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous.
a) Eons
b) Epochs
c) Periods
d) None of These
Periods are subdivided into ____________________, tens of millions of years in duration. Currently, we are in the Holocene, which began about 10,000 years ago.
a) Eons
b) Eras
c) Epochs
d) None of These
A __________________________________________________is the extinction of many species on Earth within a short period of time.
a) reclamation
b) mass extinction
c) genocide
d) species elimination
____________________________________states that species change over time as they adapt to their environments.
a) The Theory of Adaptation
b) The Theory of Evolution
c) The Theory of Speciation
d) None of These
___________________________________ is the separation of a population of organisms from the rest of its species due to some physical barrier, such as a mountain range or an ocean. Separated populations of species may evolve in different ways.
a) Lateral continuity
b) Geographic isolation
c) Adaptational separation
d) None of These
This sudden appearance of new, complex life-forms around 542 million years ago, during the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon, is often called the ____________________________________.
a) Pre-Cambrian Explosion
b) Cambrian Explosion
c) Cenozoic Explosion
d) Mesozoic Explosion
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