EOY Weather, Climate And Atmosphere Question Preview (ID: 42674)


7th Grade Science End Of Year Review. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

Meteorologists categorize hurricanes based on the Saffir-Simpson scale. The scale measures the intensity and destructive potential of hurricanes. Which factor has the MOST significant effect on the strength of a hurricane?
a) the initial speed of a hurricane
b) the direction that the hurricane rotates
c) the number of hurricanes that form in a year
d) the temperature of the water below the hurricane

Scientists monitor ozone in the upper atmosphere and at ground level. Changing concentrations of each can cause health problems for people. Which set of changes would cause the MOST health concerns?
a) an increase in both atmospheric and ground level ozone
b) a decrease in both atmospheric and ground level ozone
c) an increase in atmospheric ozone, and a decrease in ground level ozone
d) a decrease in atmospheric ozone, and an increase in ground level ozone

In the 1970s scientists began investigating the chemical reactions that caused the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere. Which statement BEST describes a direct result of their research on society and on the environment?
a) Global positioning technology was invented.
b) Research on a reusable space shuttle was initiated.
c) Alternatives to ozone-depleting aerosols were invented.
d) Plastic bags were invented as an alternative to paper bags.

When visiting the beach, Felicity observed that a breeze blew in from the ocean during the day and out toward the ocean at night. Which factor is MOST responsible for the direction of land and sea breezes in coastal regions?
a) the revolution of Earth around the Sun
b) the uneven heating between the land and water
c) the gravitational pull of Earth on the atmosphere
d) the daily rise and fall of tides in a regular pattern

The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid is called
a) evaporation.
b) perspiration.
c) condensation.
d) transportation.

Which MOST likely contributes to the rotational pattern of a hurricane that develops in the Atlantic Ocean?
a) Gulf Stream
b) Coriolis effect
c) low relative humidity
d) high-pressure systems

Nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil and natural gas, are formed from the remains of organisms buried beneath the surface of Earth. What is one advantage of using natural gas instead of solar power to generate electricity?
a) Natural gas is free to extract and use.
b) Natural gas is safer than solar energy.
c) Natural gas plants can convert gas to electricity.
d) Natural gas plants can make power at night.

A strong wind from the north blows in a straight south direction. However, to an observer, the wind appears to be moving to the southwest. What accounts for this shift in wind direction?
a) the spin of Earth on its axis changing direction
b) the rotation of Earth beneath the layer of air
c) the ozone layer focusing solar energy, causing the wind to shift
d) the local mountains pushing the wind to the side as it moves through the state

When air rises over the open ocean, a low-pressure system is formed. Which factor increases the potential of a low-pressure system developing into a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere?
a) cool ocean currents circulating toward the equator
b) increased volcanic activity in the upper latitudes
c) cold air moving south from the North Pole
d) warm water temperatures in the tropics

The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of
a) nitrogen.
b) water vapor.
c) ozone.
d) carbon monoxide.

Atmospheric greenhouse gases help heat the atmosphere by
a) increasing the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth.
b) storing energy produced by human activity.
c) absorbing infrared radiation released by Earth.
d) increasing the average density of air.

In the nitrogen cycle, where is nitrogen found as an element?
a) in plants
b) in rocks
c) in the air
d) in animals

How do the conditions for a tornado differ from the conditions for a hurricane?
a) Tornadoes never form when there is rain, while hurricanes always form with rain.
b) Tornadoes form under low pressure, while hurricanes form under high pressure.
c) Tornadoes form in a stable atmosphere, while hurricanes form in an unstable atmosphere.
d) Tornadoes generally form over land, while hurricanes form over bodies of water.

Which is responsible for creating wind?
a) wave action
b) solar energy
c) trees blowing
d) gravitational force

Automobile engines built today are designed to be gas efficient. Gas-efficient engines MOST likely affect a city by reducing
a) air pollution.
b) heat pollution.
c) noise pollution.
d) light pollution.

Which of these BEST explains the cause of convection currents in Earth’s atmosphere?
a) Heat from Earth’s core heats the land only at the equator.
b) Glaciers moving away from the poles cool Earth unevenly.
c) Sunlight is more concentrated in some places on Earth than others.
d) The light and heat reflected from the Moon varies as the Moon changes phases.

Which factor causes the motion of surface ocean currents?
a) the Sun
b) the wind
c) the Moon
d) hurricanes

In which layer of Earth’s atmosphere does weather occur?
a) mesosphere
b) stratosphere
c) thermosphere
d) troposphere

When is the MOST energy transferred from the Sun to water in the water cycle?
a) during collection
b) during evaporation
c) during condensation
d) during precipitation

Ocean currents, prevailing wind patterns, and other atmospheric disturbances are initially caused by which of these?
a) differences in the phases of the moon
b) gravitational pull of the Sun
c) incoming solar radiation
d) ozone layer depletion

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