Keystone Biology Review 2 Question Preview (ID: 42500)
Review For Keystone Biology Exam.
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Which action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?
a) A competitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site.
b) A substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme.
c) A substrate must bind to an allosteric site of the enzyme.
d) A noncompetitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site
A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?
a) Both processes produce carbon dioxide.
b) Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.
c) Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.
d) Thermal energy from one process is used as the energy source for the other process.
A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?
a) The reaction produced water.
b) The reaction consumed water.
c) The reaction caused an output of energy.
d) The reaction required an input of energy.
Which statement best describes how channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane are similar?
a) Both allow for the flow of molecules into and out of a cell.
b) Both directly connect the membrane to the nucleus of a cell.
c) Both use energy to continuously move water molecules out of a cell.
d) Both cause the phospholipid bilayer to form a rigid membrane for a cell.
Which statement best describes the outcomes of both meiosis and mitosis?
a) Cell division results in daughter cells that contain DNA
b) Each daughter cell has two complete sets of chromosomes
c) Within a cell, two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of genetic material.
d) Genetically identical daughter cells are produced that can function as body cells or sex cells.
In order to study genetic mutations, scientists must study genetic material. Which statement describes the genetic material scientists are most likely studying?
a) They study alleles that contain chromosomes, which are RNA.
b) They study alleles that contain genes, which are chromosomes.
c) They study chromosomes that contain DNA segments, which are RNA.
d) They study chromosomes that contain genes, which are DNA
An inversion occurs along part of a chromosome. How does the inversion most likely affect the region in which it occurs?
a) Recessive alleles in the region become dominant alleles.
b) The information in the region is read differently during transcription.
c) The coding sequence in the region disappears entirely from the cell.
d) Multiple frame-shift errors in the region are triggered after translation.
Which of the following occurs when allele frequencies change by CHANCE?
a) Natural Selection
b) Variation
c) Mutation
d) Genetic Drift
Which of the following terms best describes structures that perform the same FUNCTION, but do not necessarily have similar anatomy and do not share common ancestry?
a) Homologous Structures
b) Analogous Structures
c) Vestigial Structures
d) Fossil Structures
Which type of mutation occurs when the base sequence is different, but the protein made is the same?
a) Frameshift
b) Insertion
c) Silent
d) Deletion
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