Protein Synthesis And Mutations Question Preview (ID: 41723)
Protein Synthesis And Mutations.
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What does messenger RNA do during protein synthesis?
a) copy the coded message from the protein and carry it into the nucleus
b) carry amino acids and add them to the growing protein
c) copy the coded message from the DNA and carry it into the nucleus
d) copy the coded message from the DNA and carry it into the nucleus
What do transfer RNA molecules do during protein synthesis?
a) copies the coded message from the protein and carries it into the nucleus
b) carries amino acids and adds them to the growing protein
c) copies the coded message from the DNA and carries it into the nucleus
d) copies the coded message from the DNA and carries it into the cytoplasm
The order of the bases along a gene determines the order in which
a) sugars are put together to form a carbohydrate.
b) phosphates are arranged in DNA.
c) amino acids are put together to form a protein.
d) chromosomes are arranged in the nucleus.
What determines the genetic code?
a) the order of nitrogen bases along a gene
b) the number of nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule
c) the order of amino acids in a protein
d) the number of guanine and cytosine bases in a chromosome
Each group of three bases codes for the production of
a) a variety of type of chemicals.
b) certain types of DNA molecules.
c) particular carbohydrate molecules.
d) one amino acid.
Which of the following best describes insertion or deletion mutations?
a) They occur when one nucleotide is replaced with a different nucleotide.
b) They occur when, for example, the base UGU is changed to UGC.
c) They change the codon group within a gene.
d) They occur only in the thymine base.
How many amino acids does the DNA sequence GGCATTCAG code for?
a) 1
b) 3
c) 6
d) 9
The factory where the protein assembly line that copies the DNA strand is located is in the
a) nucleus
b) ribosomes
c) cell membrane
d) cell wall
If a change occurs in a base sequence of a DNA, it might cause a different ____ to be substituted in a protein.
a) amino acid
b) enzyme
c) nucleic acid
d) ribosome
A mutation in DNA could result in
a) a genetic disorder
b) death
c) no change at all
d) all of the above
If a mutation occurs in the DNA of ____ cells, it can be passed from one generation to the next.
a) brain
b) sex
c) skin
d) heart
Fortunately, we have certain ____ that repair most mutations that occur in DNA molecules.
a) chromatids
b) chromosomes
c) checkpoint enzymes
d) lysosomes
The code for a given amino acid consists of ____ base(s).
a) one
b) two
c) three
d) four
The complementary RNA strand to the DNA sequence CGTAGGATC would be
a) GCATCCTAG
b) GCAUCCGAG
c) GCAUGGUG
d) CGTAGGATC
If DNA changes from the base sequence of AAGGCCTTG to the sequence AACGCCTTG, what type of mutation occured?
a) substition
b) deletion
c) addition
d) omission
Which of the following is NOT a step in making a protein?
a) An RNA strand is formed in the nucleus from the DNA code.
b) Transfer molecules deliver amino acids to the nucleus.
c) Amino acids are joined together at the ribosome to make a protein.
d) mRNA is fed through the ribosome to create a protein.
A gene is
a) a set of instructions for each trait.
b) instructions on how to make a protein.
c) a portion of a strand of DNA.
d) All of the above
In a DNA molecule, which of the following bases pair together?
a) adenine and cytosine
b) thymine and adenine
c) thymine and guanine
d) cytosine and thymine
A mutation is harmful to an organism if it
a) changes the DNA of the organism.
b) changes the phenotype of the organism.
c) reduces the organism’s chances for survival and reproduction.
d) makes the organism better able to avoid predators.
Chromosomes are made up of
a) one pair of alleles.
b) many traits joined together.
c) transfer RNA.
d) many genes joined together.
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