Advanced Biology Question Preview (ID: 41343)
Chapter 10 Test Review.
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DNA replication
a) uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand.
b) results in the formation of four new DNA strands.
c) occurs through the addition of nucleotides to the end of the parental DNA molecule.
d) begins when two DNA molecules join together to exchange segments.
Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false?
a) DNA uses the sugar deoxyribose.
b) DNA molecules have a sugar-phosphate backbone.
c) DNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil.
d) One DNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in its structure.
When one DNA molecule is copied to make two DNA molecules, the new DNA contains
a) 75% of the parent DNA.
b) 50% of the parent DNA.
c) 100% of the parent DNA
d) none of the parent DNA.
Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5' to 3' direction?
a) because DNA polymerase requires the addition of a starter nucleotide at the 5' end
b) because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 5' end of the growing molecule
c) because the DNA molecule only unwinds in the 5' to 3' direction
d) because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing molecule
The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called
a) elongation.
b) initiation.
c) transcription.
d) translation.
Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true?
a) The modified RNA molecule is transported into the nucleus.
b) A small cap of extra nucleotides is added to both ends of the RNA.
c) Exons are spliced together.
d) Introns are added to the RNA.
Which of the following takes place during translation?
a) DNA replication
b) the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins
c) the conversion of genetic information from the language of proteins to the language of enzymes
d) the conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides
Which of the following statements regarding the flow of genetic information is false?
a) Polypeptides form proteins that determine the appearance and function of the cell and organism.
b) Ribosomes function as factories that coordinate the functioning of mRNA and tRNA.
c) Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
d) Eukaryotic mRNA is processed in several ways before export out of the nucleus.
A protein coat enclosing a viral genome is known as a(n)
a) capsid.
b) envelope.
c) capsule.
d) prophage.
Which of the following features characterizes the lytic cycle of a viral infection?
a) The cycle typically ends when the host bacterium divides.
b) The cycle typically leads to the lysis of the host cell.
c) The viral genes typically remain inactive once they are inside the host cell.
d) The virus reproduces outside of the host cell.
Which of the following statements is false?
a) The lysogenic cycle always occurs inside of host cells.
b) Sometimes an environmental signal can trigger a switchover from the lysogenic to the lytic cycle.
c) Some prophage genes can cause the transformation of a nonpathogenic bacterium into a form that causes human disease.
d) The lysogenic cycle typically results in the rapid lysis of all infected cells.
Which of the following statements about the treatment or prevention for a prion infection is true?
a) There is no known treatment or cure for prion infections.
b) Preventative vaccines have recently been shown to be effective in preventing prion infections.
c) Antibiotic therapies such as penicillin are very effective cures.
d) High doses of anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen reduce the symptoms of prion infections.
Conjugation, transformation, and transduction are all ways that bacteria
a) alter their oxygen requirements.
b) increase the amount of RNA in the cytoplasm.
c) reduce their DNA content.
d) increase their genetic diversity.
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