Natural Selection Question Preview (ID: 41230)
7.11C Tx.
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Natural selection favors...
a) the weak in a gene pool
b) traits that increase fitness
c) the older members of the gene pool
d) predators over prey
Which is an example of natural selection at work?
a) A dog breeder pairing males and females for breeding based on the animals' temperaments
b) A cockroach resisting insecticides
c) A lion preying on the largest healthiest zebra in the herd
d) A farmer crossing species of tomatoes to create plants that produce larger tomatoes
Galapagos Medium Ground Finches are from a single genetic ancestor but are found on different islands. What is the most likely explanation why these birds differ in appearance from island to island?
a) The temperature on each island is different.
b) The predators on each island are different.
c) The food sources available on each island are different.
d) The females on each island prefer different characteristic in a mate
Which example does NOT describe changes due to selective breeding?
a) Lab rats are bred to be white and have poor visyion, which makes them easier to find if they escape.
b) The winner of the Kentucky Derby is bred with fast mares to produce future race horses.
c) The Galapagos finch has a different beak shape on each island due to food sources.
d) The docile English honeybee is crossed with the larger African honeybee in an attempt to produce a tame bee that makes honey
A farmer owns two chickens. He decides to breed the chickens so he will have more hens lay eggs. Chicken X lays twice as many eggs as chicken Y. The farmer decides to only breed chicken X. What term best describes this process?
a) Evolution
b) Natural selection
c) Selective breeding
d) Survival of the fittest
A group of students learns that the traits of some organisms change over time because organisms better adapted to the environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. Which term best describes this process?
a) Artificial selection
b) Natural selection
c) Genetic mutation
d) Generation gap
Which is the best example of natural selection?
a) A farmer breeds only the cows that produce the most milk.
b) A peacock possesses bright feathers to attract a mate
c) A scientist manipulated the genes of a fox so that it will produce white offspring.
d) A rose grower cross-pollinates to produce brightly-colored flowers.
Rough-skinned newts are highly poisonous organisms. The newt's toxin level is great enough to repel predators, such as snakes. Garter snakes have exhibited a resistance to the toxins, which allows them to prey upon the newts. What explains this?
a) The rough-skinned newts have increased levels of toxins as a result of cross-breeding.
b) Garter snakes feed upon various organisms and newts have no relationship to the snake.
c) In order to guarantee survival, garter snakes have developed immunity to the rough-skinned newt's deadly toxins.
d) The higher levels of toxins in the skin of the rough-skinned newt are the result of warmer climate.
A concept in scientific research states that changes in genetic traits may be passed from one generation to the next through natural selection. An example of how
a) cross-breeding pea plants to create a new species that produces larger peas
b) engineering a new breed of rose that is disease resistance
c) breeding a short-haired rabbit with a long-haired rabbit so that the species share a common gene pool
d) a rat snake randomly mating with a different species of snake so that the species share a common gene pool
Students studies skulls from different generations of the same species of birds. The students noticed that, in each generation, the bird beaks increased in length. What is the best explanation for this occurrence?
a) The bird beaks grew longer each generation due to a more abundant food supply.
b) The birds were actually not all the same species.
c) There was a mutation in each of these birds.
d) More birds with longer beaks survived to produce offspring for the next generation.
All natural predator of large and small newts are removed from an area. The scientists hypothesize that without natural predators, the small newts will survive at a higher rate. The population of small newts remains constant. Why?
a) The large newts ate the small newts.
b) The large newts increased in population and competed with the small newts for food.
c) The small newts were able to find shelter during drought conditions.
d) The newts changed size over time as a result of selective breeding practices, not through natural selection.
Gregor Mendel studied the genetic characteristics of pea plants to find how certain traits were passed from generation to generation. He discovered that, over many generations, certain traits in common pea plants are visible in offspring through...
a) selective natural breeding
b) selective cross-breeding
c) natural selective breeding
d) natural blend breeding
Darwin studied finches on the Galapagos Islands and noticed distinct finch beaks on the various islands due to the different food sources available. What would be the best way to make QUANTITATIVE observations about the differences of each finch?
a) Record whether each finch has the ability to fly
b) Record the actual size of the beaks on each island
c) Record the diet of each finch.
d) Record the nesting site of each finch.
Darwin studied finches on the Galapagos Islands and noticed distinct finch beaks on the various islands due to the different food sources available. From his studies, Darwin concluded...
a) The birds from the Galapagos Islands bred with birds from other nearby islands.
b) The birds from the Galapagos Islands changed over time in order to meet specific needs for survival.
c) The birds from the Galapagos Islands continue to remain largely the same over the centuries.
d) The birds from the Galapagos Islands had no significant changes in appearance of survival needs.
When researching hitell other scientists ofs theory of natural selection, Charles Darwin did extensive studies on the Medium Ground Finch of the Galapagos Islands. In order to ensure that a hypothesis is actually a viable theory, a scientist must.
a) publish the findings in written form in order to gain national attention from other scientists and the media
b) alter findings to agree with other scientists in order to draw an accurate conclusion
c) use empirical evidence to validate the theory and record scientific observations
d) tell other scientists of the discovery of a new theory
The deer mouse is a species found throughout North America. Most deer mice have dark-colored coats. The deer mice that live in Nebraska have developed light-colored coats. Which best explains this phenomenon?
a) Nebraska has dark-colored soil and grass.
b) Winters in Nebraska are very cold.
c) Nebraska has many factories.
d) Nebraska has light-colored soil and grass.
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