Q1 - Minerals, Rocks, Weathering, Erosion, Soil, And Soil Conservation Question Preview (ID: 38710)
Review Of Minerals, Rocks, Weathering, Erosion, Soil, And Soil Conservation.
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What characteristics do scientist who study rocks use the help identify rocks?
a) size, shape, and temperature
b) location, size, and color
c) color, texture, and mineral content
d) location, shape and smell
An unknown mineral scratches glass (5.5), but cannot be scratched by an iron nail (4.5). How can this mineral be described?
a) this mineral is considered hard
b) this mineral may be a diamond
c) this mineral is soft
d) this mineral has a hardness between 5 and 6
Rocks are classified by the process of their formation. What type of rock is formed from small particles cemented together?
a) sedimentary
b) metamorphic
c) igneous
d) volcanic
One way minerals can be identified is observing the way in which they break. Which testing characteristic is being used?
a) striations
b) cleavage, fracture
c) specific gravity
d) hardness
The type of rock that forms from liquid rock that has cooled and hardened is
a) fragmentary
b) sedimentary
c) metamorphic
d) igneous
If sedimentary rock is heated to high temperatures and exposed to high pressure while buried deep underground forms what type of rock?
a) metamorphic
b) igneous
c) a different sedimentary rock
d) fragmentary rock
The Grand Canyon was most likely formed by
a) a volcano
b) high winds
c) an earthquake
d) running water
The process of soil conservation that involves plowing along the contours of the land is
a) terracing
b) contour plowing
c) conservation plowing
d) no-till farming
The process by which soil conservation is practiced by making steps on a hillside to slow runoff and erosion is
a) terracing
b) contour plowing
c) conservation plowing
d) no-till farming
When farmers disturb the land as little as possible this is the practice of
a) contour plowing
b) conservation plowing
c) terracing
d) crop rotation
The rock cycle is the processes that changes one type of rock into another type of rock. What processes can change a metamorphic rock into an igneous rock?
a) melting, cooling, and hardening
b) heat and pressure
c) weathering and erosion
d) pressure and cementation
What processes can change igneous or metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?
a) compacting and cementing the igneous rocks or sedimentary rocks together
b) weathering and erosion followed by compaction and cementation
c) weathering and erosion followed by melting and cooling
d) weathering and erosion followed by heat and pressure
How can sedimentary rock be converted to magma?
a) weathering and erosion followed by melting
b) melting, followed by cooling and crystallization
c) heat and pressure followed by melting
d) weathering and erosion followed by cooling and hardening
Gneiss is a metamorphic rock. This means it was formed by
a) buildup of clay particles
b) great heat and pressure
c) buildup of sand grains
d) cooling and hardening if magma
A fossil of a tropical plant was found in Antarctica. We know Antarctica does not have a tropical climate. What can be inferred about the fossil being found in Antarctica?
a) Violent volcanic eruptions melted the ice and exposed the soil to sunlight.
b) The rotation of Earth has increased, causing cooling of the atmosphere
c) Tropical plants grow there during the summer
d) At one time in the past, Antarctica was located nearer the equator
A fossil of an alligator has been found in the extreme north close to Canada. What can you inference can be made about this find?
a) Alligators can live in both warm and cold climates
b) the area had a colder climate than it does now
c) the area's climate has not changed over time
d) the area once had a warmer climate than it does now
A soil profile is broken into horizons. These horizons are O (litter), A (topsoil), B (subsoil), C (weathered bedrock) and R (parent material-bedrock). From what you have learned about soil, which layer has the most humus (decayed organic matter)
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) R
A coral fossil was found in limestone in South Georgia. This fossil was very similar to coral reefs near the equator. What can be inferred by this fossil find in South Georgia?
a) The area in South Georgia was once under cold, shallow water near Alaska
b) The area in South Georgia was once under warm shallow water
c) The area in South Georgia was never under water
d) The area in South Georgia was once under deep, cold water in the middle of the ocean
Weathering is a process that breaks down rock. One means of weathering is chemical weathering. Which of the following would cause chemical weathering?
a) water freezing and thawing
b) tumbling rocks in a river
c) acid rain
d) plant roots growing in rock
Which example below describes a process in cold climates where the action of water breaks rock into sediment and helps form soil?
a) minerals leaching from the rocks
b) mechanical weathering due to alternate freezing and thawing
c) decomposition due to action of fungi
d) chemical weathering due to water reacting with calcite
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