Biology EOC Practice 2 Question Preview (ID: 37614)


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A large population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. A few of the cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can best be inferred from this example?
a) Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce.
b) A species will adapt no matter what the environment.
c) The environment has no effect on the survival of an organism.
d) Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce.

Which of these shows the steps by which proteins are coded and synthesized?
a) DNA-- RNA -- protein
b) RNA-- DNA -- protein
c) protein -- RNA -- DNA
d) protein -- DNA --RNA

A segment of DNA has this sequence: ATA GCA CAT GTA What is the mRNA sequence transcribed from this segment?
a) UAU CGU GUA CAU
b) TAT CGT GTA CAT
c) TAT GCT CTA GAT
d) UAU GCU CUA CAU

What is the result when a single cell reproduces by mitosis?
a) two cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell
b) two cells with half the genetic material of the parent cell
c) four cells with half the genetic material of the parent cell
d) four cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell

How many daughter cells are formed in meiosis?
a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1

A strand of DNA has these bases: AGC CAT GTA TAC What is the complementary DNA strand?
a) TCG GTA CAT ATG
b) ACG GAT CTA TAG
c) TGC CTA GAT ATC
d) UCG CUA CAU AUG

Which of the following statements correctly describes meiosis?
a) The cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
b) Cells divide only once during meiosis.
c) Meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells.
d) The cells produced at the end of meiosis are genetically identical to the parent cell.

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA?
a) to connect the base pairs
b) to code for proteins
c) to synthesize proteins
d) to separate the strands

What is the process that copies a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA?
a) insertion
b) initiation
c) translation
d) transcription

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?
a) It will lose water through osmosis.
b) It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.
c) It will be unable to photosynthesize.
d) It will be unable to carry out respiration.

All are abiotic factors except
a) herbivores
b) sunlight
c) water
d) soil

Which statement best compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
a) Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
b) More water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
c) More oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
d) Less lactic acid is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.

A freshwater plant is placed in a container of distilled water. What will most likely happen to the cells of the plant?
a) They will swell because water will move into them.
b) They will swell because salt will move into them.
c) They will shrink because water will move out of them.
d) They will shrink because salt will move out of them.

Which cellular organelle is responsible for packaging the proteins that the cell secretes?
a) Golgi Apparatus
b) cytoskeleton
c) cell membrane
d) lysosome

A type of cell that can exist in a broad range of environmental conditions, can rapidly multiply, and lacks a nucleus is known as what type of cell?
a) prokaryote
b) plant
c) animal
d) eukaryotic

Two gametes containing 20 chromosomes fuse during fertilization. How many chromosomes will the zygote cell contain?
a) 20
b) 10
c) 40
d) 80

Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
a) It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.
b) It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
c) It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
d) It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

Which would be the best evidence that a cell is using active transport to move a substance across its cell membrane?
a) Substances are moving rapidly across the cell membrane.
b) ATP is being rapidly consumed near the cellular membrane.
c) Substances are moving from high to low concentrations.
d) Substances are moving through channels in the cell membrane.

How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?
a) Aerobic respiration results in more energy
b) Aerobic respiration results in less energy
c) Each process results in equal amounts of energy
d) Each process results in variable amounts of energy

Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells
a) have nuclei.
b) are much smaller
c) have permeable membranes.
d) have a higher rate of reproduction.

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