Final 16-17 Module 2 Part 1 Question Preview (ID: 37564)


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Which statement describes a cell process that is common to both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
a) Both cell types carry out transcription the nucleus.
b) Both cell types carry out translation in the endoplasmic reticulum.
c) Both cell types assemble amino acids to carry out transcription.
d) Both cell types use ribosomes to carry out translation.

An organism inherited one version of a trait from one parent and another version from the other parent. A blend of the traits are expressed in the phenotype of the offspring.Which pattern of inheritance best classifies this trait?
a) co-dominance
b) dominance
c) sex-linked
d) incomplete dominance

A genetic mutation involving a single base causes an error that affects the sequence of the next 500 amino acids in a protein. Which type of mutation could have produced this type of error in the protein?
a) substitution
b) nonsense
c) frameshift
d) silent

Mitosis and meiosis are processes by which animal and plant cells divide, which statement best describes a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
a) Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells
b) Meiosis is used in the repair of an organism
c) Meiosis is a multi-step process
d) Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells

Overuse of antibiotics has caused antibiotic resistance in some bacteria in a population. Which statement describes the most likely impact of natural selection on the bacterial population?
a) More antibiotic-resistant bacteria have survived, resulting in more offspring with this trait.
b) The bacteria have become genetically isolated, resulting in decreased reproductive rates.
c) Beneficial mutations have decreased, resulting in larger population than normal.
d) Only the genes for antibiotic resistance are now expressed, eliminating other genes.

________ of DNA produces _________
a) Translation: messenger RNA
b) Transcription: ribosomal RNA
c) Transcription: Messenger RNA
d) Translation: ribosomal RNA

Which example describes a mutualistic relationship between organisms?
a) Tapeworms feed on food in the intestines of cats.
b) Ants protect a tree on which they feed.
c) Crabs eat the remains of dead fish.
d) Young wasps prey on caterpillars.

Which of the following is an example of a community?
a) Group of deer
b) Living things + Trail
c) Deer + Frogs + Humans + Dogs
d) Temperate deciduous forest

Which of the following is an example of a biome?
a) Temperate deciduous forest
b) Living things + trail
c) Deer + Frogs + Humans + Dogs
d) Group of deer

Which of the following is most likely a hypothesis?
a) The number of seeds that germinated is being measured.
b) Exposure to radiation would limit the seed's ability to germinate.
c) The amount of radiation is what is being changed.
d) The pots, water, and temperature are held constant.

A cell begins with 46 chromosomes. After cell division, the daughter cells each have 23 chromosomes. Which statement below is true of this process?
a) This is meiosis because the chromosome number was cut in half in the new cells.
b) This is mitosis because the chromosome number was cut in half in the new cells.
c) This is binary fission because the chromosome number was doubled in the new cells.
d) This is conjugation because the chromosome number was doubled in the new cells.

tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome which reads the mRNA and produces a protein based on the mRNA code. Which process is this?
a) osmosis
b) translation
c) meiosis
d) replication

Vestigial structures, such as hip bones in whales and appendixes in humans, are those that have little or no function for the organism. What is the most likely reason for this loss of function over time?
a) The structure was over utilized by the organism
b) The organism is undergoing speciation
c) The organism is experiencing genetic drift
d) The structure was not highly beneficial to the organism

_______ used to identify a person at the molecular level using parts of their DNA for legal cases, paternity disputes, or victims of catastrophes.
a) Genomics
b) DNA fingerprinting
c) Cloning
d) Genetic engineering

Which of the following is true for Meiosis II, not for Meiosis I?
a) It goes through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
b) It separates sister chromatids
c) It separates homologous chromosomes
d) It produces haploid cells

A forest fire destroys and area of forest. Over time, the forest regrows. What type of succession does this represent?
a) Primary succession, because the ecosystem is being recreated.
b) Secondary succession, because the ecosystem is new.
c) Primary succession, because the ecosystem is new.
d) Secondary succession, because the ecosystem is being recreated.

When one chromosome swaps pieces with a completely different one. What type of change in chromosome composition is described?
a) inversion
b) deletion
c) translocation
d) insertion

Which sequence below correctly transcribes and translates the following sequence of DNA? TAC AGA
a) GTA TCT then AUG UCU
b) AUG UCU then Met-Ser
c) ATG TCT then AUG UCU
d) ATG TCT then Met-Ser

Which statement correctly describes how nitrogen in the soil returns to the atmosphere?
a) Plants assimilate nitrites and convert them into nitrogen gas.
b) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in plant roots convert nitrates into nitrogen gas.
c) Soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas.
d) Decomposers directly convert ammonium into nitrogen gas.

Which statement best describes the relationship between an allele and a gene?
a) An allele is the part of a gene that attaches to messenger RNA molecules
b) An allele is the primary protein made by a gene found in a developing embryo.
c) An allele is a segment of a DNA molecule that controls replication of a gene
d) An allele is a variation of a genet that can be expressed as a phenotype

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