ED 230 Test 1 Question Preview (ID: 35793)


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Paula has a history of hemophilia in her family. She was extremely relieved when the tests from her ______________ test revealed that her fetus is healthy and does not show evidence of being at risk for hemophilia.
a) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
b) amniocentesis
c) ultra-sound imaging
d) DNA

The color of our hair and eyes is determined by our:
a) chromosomes.
b) genes.
c) cytoplasm.
d) chorions.

Sex cells are referred to as ____________ and the result of sex cells combining is referred to as _____________. a. mitosis; meiosis b. zygote; gamete c. gametes; zygote d. DNA, polarization
a) mitosis; meiosis
b) zygote; gamete
c) gametes; zygote
d) DNA, polarization

The first phase of pregnancy is known as the _________ and it typically lasts about __________.
a) gestation stage; two weeks
b) embryonic stage; eight weeks
c) germinal stage; two weeks
d) germinal stage; six weeks

As Kelvin learns a new skill within his zone of proximal development, his dad provides scaffolding. Lev Vygotsky coined the term zone of proximal development to refer to:
a) the area between what a child can do independently and what the child can do with guidance.
b) how children use cultural tools that are handed down from one generation to the next.
c) the acquisition of psychological tools (such as language) that are involved in mediating cognitive processes.
d) a child’s use of cultural funds of knowledge to solve problems and construct meaning.

Maria learns to tie her shoe by watching her older sister successfully tie her own shoe. Rather than shaping Maria’s behavior by using reinforcements, Bandura’s social learning theory relies on:
a) vicarious learning.
b) negative reinforcement.
c) enactive learning
d) information processing.

Which of the following statements is an accurate representation of Erik Erikson’s ideas?
a) An individual cannot progress to a later stage unless the earlier stage has been resolved successfully and completely.
b) Accomplishments at later stages are independent of crises at earlier stages, and the emergence of self is the key to devel
c) Successful resolution of a crisis at any stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the psychoso
d) At each stage of development, children must resolve the conflict of the stage by choosing the extreme position that brings

Juan is highly determined to get a perfect score on his geography test. He has a set of flashcards and he practices over and over learning the state capitals. Juan’s behavior is typical of what we might expect of an 11-year-old child in Erikson’s ___
a) initiative versus guilt
b) anal versus latency
c) autonomy versus shame and doubt
d) industry versus inferiority

Corina’s pregnancy is going well, and she heard the baby’s heartbeat during her doctor’s visit today. She learned that her baby is just now able to hear sounds and flex its limbs. She also had the combined test to detect chromosomal abnormalities. Ho
a) Embryonic stage, fourth week
b) Germinal stage, second week
c) Fetal stage, first trimester
d) Fetal stage, third trimester

Young geese will attach to the first nurturing figure they see after they are born. This principle is known as ________________, which is considered to be a bonding experience that has great adaptive value
a) ethology
b) psychosocial crisis
c) imprinting
d) operant conditioning

Developmental systems theories are general perspectives on development, heredity, and evolution. What do they emphasize?
a) Critical periods of development that depend on the plasticity of the brain
b) Developmental influences of nature over nurture
c) Interactions and coactions among developmental influences
d) Developmental influences of nurture over nature

Most researchers agree the birth of child development studies in the United Sates began in the ______ under the scholarship of John Dewey.
a) 1920
b) late 1800
c) 1960
d) 1950

Which one of the following examples illustrates qualitative change in development?
a) Maya learns a new memory strategy and memorizes the stages of development.
b) Riki reads every night and develops a large vocabulary for his age.
c) Bart practices and gradually improves his ability to throw a football.
d) Aza advances from Piaget’s sensorimotor stage to the preoperational stage.

What developmental changes are relatively unaffected by environment?
a) Cognitive skill development
b) A child’s identity
c) Growth and maturation
d) Emotional development

Maria gradually improves her reading abilities from first through fourth grade. Maria’s reading improvement is an example of what developmental process?
a) Discontinuous
b) Continuous
c) Maturation
d) Quantitative

According to our text authors, what are the three broad domains of development?
a) Personality, social reasoning, and temperament
b) Physical, cognitive, and social emotional
c) Height, weight, and age
d) Thinking, cognition, and reasoning

All of the following descriptors characterize adolescence EXCEPT:
a) a. Their growing cognitive abilities lead to the development of greater idealism.
b) b. They move toward an independent identity and accept greater responsibility.
c) c. They are beginning to understand abstract concepts such as intention and morality.
d) d. They spend more time with peers than with family.

Miguel’s vocabulary seems to explode in a very short time period. We can conclude that Miguel is in which of the four major periods of development?
a) a. Toddlerhood
b) b. Middle Childhood
c) c. Early Childhood.
d) d. Adolescence

Which of the following children is experiencing a developmental change?
a) Four-year-old Kara made a bow in her shoelace and tied her sneakers for the first time.
b) Eight-year-old Cory broke his arm while playing flag football after school.
c) Seven-year-old Sherra developed a bad case of measles after being exposed at a slumber party.
d) Twelve-year-old Pedro got braces on his teeth to correct an overbite and misalignment.

What is the relationship between child development and adult development?
a) The behaviors of an adult are unrelated to his/her behaviors as a child.
b) Adult behaviors can be predicted from adolescent behaviors, but not from the behaviors of a child.
c) It is impossible to disconnect adult development from child development.
d) A child’s personality is fixed and development ends after adolescence.

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