Earth's History EOG Review Question Preview (ID: 35783)
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Where on Earth did life most likely begin?
a) The ocean.
b) The atmosphere.
c) The land.
d) The Earth's mantle.
What kinds of animal parts are most likely to be preserved as fossils?
a) bones and skin
b) soft parts and teeth
c) teeth and bones
d) soft parts and skin
A scientist finds fossils from the same organism in both India and Africa. What is a possible explanation for the presence of these fossils on two different continents?
a) adaptation
b) continental drift
c) climate change
d) law of superposition
Geologic time is used to divide Earth's history. What do scientists most often use to divide one era from another era?
a) chemical analysis
b) exact dates
c) human history
d) mass extinctions
What geologic feature is often formed by the convergence of an oceanic plate and a continental plate?
a) chains of underwater volcanoes
b) high continental mountains
c) chains of volcanic mountains
d) flat plains
What is the geological theory of evolution based on?
a) the theory of plate tectonics
b) the law of superposition
c) the process of weathering
d) the concept of unconformity
What would most likely cause the extinction of a widely distributed species?
a) climate change
b) forest fire
c) migrating predators
d) river flooding
What tool can help scientist to determine when ancient species became extinct?
a) the fossil record
b) DNA analysis
c) remote sensing
d) spectral analysis
If an index fossil is found in two rock beds that are separated by an ocean, what do you know about the relationship between the two rock beds?
a) The rock beds used to be in the same area.
b) The rock beds are about the same absolute age.
c) The rock beds are made of the same type of rock
d) The rock beds are unrelated.
How do ice cores most often give clues about past climates?
a) provide records of rock and soil
b) supply samples of trapped animals
c) provide records of exact temperatures
d) supply samples of trapped air and dust
Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between humans and climates?
a) Climate is affected by mankind; mankind is unaffected by climate.
b) Climate and mankind are unaffected by each other.
c) Mankind and climate are affected by each other.
d) Mankind is affected by climate; climate is unaffected by mankind.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge exists between the African and South American geologic plates. Which process most often occurs at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
a) destruction of underwater mountains
b) creation of new continents
c) subduction of geologic plates
d) spreading of the sea floor
Iridium is a rare element on Earth but is common in objects from space. What is the best evidence an asteroid caused the extinction of the dinosaurs?
a) A crater containing iridium is dated to the end of the age of dinosaurs
b) A worldwide layer of iridium is dated to the end of the age of the dinosaurs
c) An eyewitness is exposed to iridium and records the dinosaur deaths
d) A depression that contains iridium and several crushed dinosaur fossils
The theory of global warming is based on an increase of what atmospheric gas?
a) helium
b) hydrogen
c) oxygen
d) carbon dioxide
What happens to the amount of land during an ice age?
a) decreases because of less water in the oceans
b) decreases because more water is in the oceans
c) increases because less water in the oceans
d) increases because more water in the oceans
Which theory explains the way that populations can change over time?
a) adaptation
b) natural selection
c) variation
d) competition
Which of the following uses layered sedimentary rock to tell which events on Earth occurred before other events?
a) absolute age
b) unconformity
c) relative age
d) plate tectonics
Mt. Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. Mt. Mitchell is the tallest mountain in the United States. Why is Mt. Everest taller than Mt. Mitchell?
a) Mt. Everest was created by stronger tectonic forces
b) Mt. Everest is a younger mountain
c) Mt. Everest is a folded mountain
d) Mt. Everest was volcanic
Why have humans most likely survived changes in climate?
a) Humans are highly adaptable
b) Humans live long lives
c) Humans possess high reproductive rates
d) Humans practice resource conservation
The Gulf Stream moves water from the Gulf of Mexico to Northwest Europe. If the current was blocked, what would be the most likely effect?
a) North America becomes drier
b) South America becomes drier
c) The Equatorial Atlantic cools
d) Europe's climate becomes colder
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