Natural Selection Question Preview (ID: 354)
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Some features in organisms can be compared to spandrels in architecture in that, although they appear to have a function, they are really just there because of the evolution of other structures. This analogy is used as an argument for care in identi
a) traits as adaptations
b) homologous structures in organisms
c) natural selection
d) vestigial structure in organisms
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in Figure 15-1 are
a) aquired traits
b) examples of natural variation
c) examples of fossils
d) vestigial structures
How do fossils demonstrate evidence of evolution?
a) Fossils reveal that many species have remained unchanged for millions of years.
b) They show evidence of species that are now extinct.
c) They are the primary source of evidence of natural selection.
d) They show that ancient species share similarities with species now on Earth
On the islands of Hawaii there are a group of about 30 species of highly variable, but closely related, species of plants called silverswords. These species appear to be related to a small group of plants in North America. What are the silverswords
a) adaptive radiation
b) mimicry
c) analogous structures
d) vestigial structures
An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be
a) physical or geographical
b) physical or behavioral
c) acquired during the organism's lifetime
d) the result of artifical selection
When allelic frequencies remain unchanged, a population is in genetic equilibrium. This statement expresses which of the following?
a) sympatric speciation
b) prezygotic isolating mechanism
c) genetic drift
d) Hardy-Weinberg principle
Which of the following is NOT a factor that causes changes in the frequency of homozygous and heterozygous individuals in a population?
a) random mating
b) genetic drift
c) mutations
d) migration
Which of the following lines of evidence for evolution is indirect?
a) fossils
b) pesticide resistance
c) observed allele frequency changes
d) all of these
To be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a population must be
a) very large, have random mating, high geneflow, many mutations, natural selection
b) very small, have random mating, no geneflow, no natural selection
c) very large, have random mating, no geneflow, no mutations, no natural selection
d) very small, have nonrandom mating, no geneflow, many mutations, no natural selection
Mutations in the DNA of genes that can be passed on to offspring
a) do not occur randomly during evolution.
b) are more likely with genetic drift
c) are always harmful to the offspring
d) result in increased genetic variation
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