Earthquakes And Tectonic Plates Question Preview (ID: 35333)


This Test Will Cover Topics Such As P And S Wave Data, Earthquakes, Tectonic Plates, Seafloor Spreading, And Layers Of The Earth. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

Most inferences about the characteristics of Earth’s mantle and core are based on
a) the behavior of seismic waves in Earth’s interior
b) well drillings from Earth’s mantle and core
c) chemical changes in exposed and weathered metamorphic rocks
d) comparisons between Moon rocks and Earth rocks

Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by
a) deposition of sediments in folded layers
b) differences in sediment density during deposition
c) a rise in sea level after deposition
d) crustal movement occurring after deposition

The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
a) tidal motions in the hydrosphere
b) density differences in the troposphere
c) convection currents in the asthenosphere
d) solidification in the lithosphere

The large coal fields found in Pennsylvania provide evidence that the climate of the northeastern United States was much warmer during the Carboniferous Period. This change in climate over time is best explained by the...
a) movements of tectonic plates
b) effects of seasons
c) changes in the environment caused by humans
d) evolution of life

Which statement best supports the theory that all the continents were once a single landmass?
a) Rocks of the ocean ridges are older than those of the adjacent seafloor.
b) Rock and fossil correlation can be made where the continents appear to fit together.
c) Marine fossils can be found at high elevations above sea floor on all continents.
d) Great thicknesses of shallow-water sediments are found at interior locations on some continents.

33. An earthquake’s magnitude can be determined by
a) calculating the time the earthquake occurred
b) calculating the depth of the earthquake faulting
c) analyzing seismic waves recorded by a seismograph
d) comparing the speed of P-waves and S-waves

A seismic station is recording the seismic waves produced by an earthquake that occurred 4200 kilometers away. Approximately how long after the arrival of the first P-wave will the first S-wave arrive?
a) 1 min 05 sec
b) 5 min 50 sec
c) 7 min 20 sec
d) 13 min 10 sec

An earthquake’s first P-wave arrives at a seismic station at 12:00:00. This P-wave has traveled 6000 kilometers from the epicenter. At what time will the first S-wave from the same earthquake arrive at the seismic station?
a) 11:52:20
b) 12:07:40
c) 12:09:20
d) 12:17:00

Beneath which surface location is Earth’s crust the thinnest?
a) East Pacific Ridge
b) the center of South America
c) Old Forge, New York
d) San Andreas Fault

In which layer of Earth’s interior is the pressure inferred to be 1.0 million atmospheres?
a) outer core
b) inner core
c) rigid mantle
d) stiffer mantle

What is the inferred temperature at the boundary between Earth’s stiffer mantle and outer core?
a) 2,500°C
b) 4,500°C
c) 5,000°C
d) 6,200°C

The lithosphere is composed of which two parts?
a) Crust and the stiffer mantle
b) Crust and the rigid mantle
c) Crust and the plastic mantle
d) Crust and the asthenosphere

The asthenosphere is the partially solid part of which of Earth's layers?
a) Crust
b) Inner Core
c) Outer Core
d) Mantle

If the P wave arrived at 12:20:40 and the S wave arrived at 12:25:20, what is the lag time between them?
a) 4 Minutes
b) 4 minutes and 20 seconds
c) 4 minutes and 40 seconds
d) 5 minutes

The lag time between the P wave arrival and the S wave arrival time is 5 minutes. What is the approximate distance to the epicenter of this Earthquake?
a) 3,000
b) 3,600
c) 4,000
d) 4,600

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