DNA, Punnett Squares Question Preview (ID: 34691)


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Kara has a plant that produces either purple or white flowers. She crosses a plant that has two recessive alleles for white flowers with a plant that has two dominant alleles for purple flowers. Which result would be true of all of the offspring?
a) All of the offspring would have two recessive alleles and white flowers.
b) All of the offspring would have two dominant alleles and purple flowers.
c) All of the offspring would have one recessive allele, one dominant allele, and white flowers.
d) All of the offspring would have one recessive allele, one dominant allele, and purple flowers.

Which of the following properties of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick?
a) DNA is composed of four bases.
b) DNA looks like a long, twisted ladder.
c) DNA nucleotides always combine in the same pairs.
d) The shape of DNA can be inferred by x-ray diffraction.

Which of these terms best describes the structure of DNA?
a) tetrahedron
b) double helix
c) single strand
d) triple octagon

What is DNA?
a) a type of molecule that performs the main functions of cells
b) a type of molecule composed mostly of amino acids
c) a type of molecule that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
d) a type of molecule that determines the traits that an individual inherits

Gregor Mendel observed that two plants with purple flowers could produce some offspring with white flowers and some offspring with purple flowers. Which of the following did Mendel use to explain this result?
a) genetic mutations
b) environmental conditions
c) inherited and acquired traits
d) dominant and recessive traits

DNA contains genes that provide instructions for inherited traits. What is the relationship between the genes and chromosomes?
a) Genes are segments of DNA that are located on the chromosomes of each cell.
b) Genes are made up of thousands of chromosomes.
c) Genes correspond to the phenotype, while chromosomes correspond to the genotype.
d) Chromosomes correspond to the phenotype, while genes correspond to the genotype.

Which of these choices describes a segment of DNA that determines a specific trait in a person, such as attached earlobes?
a) gene
b) phenotype
c) chromosome
d) characteristic

Raylene inherited certain physical characteristics from her parents. Which of these follow is not an inherited characteristic?
a) blue eyes
b) wavy, red hair
c) dimpled cheeks
d) long fingernails

For a particular type of plant, red flowers (R) are dominant to white flowers (r). If a plant with the genotype RR is crossed with a plant with the genotype Rr, what percent of the offspring are expected to have red flowers?
a) 75
b) 100
c) 50
d) 25

For a type of pea plant, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). A pea plant with the genotype Rr is crossed with another pea plant with the genotype Rr. What percent of the offspring are expected to have wrinkled seeds?
a) 100
b) 75
c) 50
d) 25

Red flowers (R) are dominant to white flowers (r). What percent of offspring would have red flowers if a plant with a red flower phenotype and the genotype Rr was crossed with another plant with a red flower phenotype and the genotype Rr?
a) 100
b) 75
c) 50
d) 25

Gregor Mendel studied genetics by crossing pea plants that had different traits. Which of these choices is an example of what Mendel described as a dominant trait?
a) a trait that is seen in every offspring
b) a trait that is due to environmental influence
c) a trait that is present only when an offspring inherits two dominant “factors” (alleles)
d) a trait that is present when an offspring inherits at least one dominant “factor” (allele)

Ryan notices that all of his friend’s brothers and sisters are tall. What is the most likely explanation for this characteristic?
a) They have tall parents.
b) They have identical genes.
c) They eat only healthy foods.
d) They live in the same environment.

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