Cell Test Review Question Preview (ID: 34457)


Chapter 6 Advanced Biology Review. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

Osmosis can be defined as
a) the diffusion of water.
b) the diffusion of nonpolar molecules.
c) active transport.
d) passive transport.

Relaying a message from a membrane receptor to a molecule that performs a specific function within a cell is called
a) selective permeability.
b) competition.
c) signal transduction.
d) inhibition.

Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids
a) require transport proteins to pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer.
b) are actively transported across cell membranes.
c) easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer.
d) very slowly diffuse through a membrane's lipid bilayer.

The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes
a) is an abnormality resulting from a diet high in cholesterol.
b) is attached to membrane proteins and extends into the watery environment surrounding the cell.
c) helps to stabilize the cell membrane at body temperature.
d) helps solidify the membranes when the room temperature is below freezing.

Membrane phospholipids
a) have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water.
b) remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another.
c) have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water.
d) are able to drift about in the plasma membrane

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?
a) Enzymes catalyze specific reactions.
b) All enzymes depend on protein cofactors to function.
c) Enzymes are inorganic.
d) An enzyme's function is unaffected by changes in pH.

In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will
a) experience turgor.
b) lyse.
c) shrivel.
d) neither gain nor lose water.

A plant cell in a hypotonic solution
a) becomes turgid because of an inflow of water.
b) wilts because of an outflow of water.
c) shrivels because of an outflow of water.
d) bursts because of an inflow of water.

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.
a) energy and transport proteins . . . down
b) energy and transport proteins . . . against
c) transport proteins . . . against
d) transport proteins . . . down

The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called
a) phosphorylation.
b) hydrogenation.
c) carboxylation.
d) ionization.

The active site of an enzyme is
a) the highly changeable portion of an enzyme that adapts to fit the substrates of various reactions.
b) the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate.
c) the region of a product that detaches from the enzyme.
d) the region of a substrate that is changed by an enzyme.

Aquaporins
a) allow water to cross the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient.
b) allow for the active transport of water.
c) are found in all cells.
d) allow water to cross the plasma membrane via facilitated diffusion.

The process of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is
a) osmosis.
b) phagocytosis.
c) receptor-mediated endocytosis.
d) pinocytosis.

Which of the following examples is classified as a metabolic pathway?
a) protein synthesis
b) osmosis
c) cell lysis
d) passive diffusion

What is the basic difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?
a) Exergonic reactions release energy; endergonic reactions absorb it.
b) Exergonic reactions involve the breaking of bonds; endergonic reactions involve the formation of bonds.
c) Exergonic reactions involve ionic bonds; endergonic reactions involve covalent bonds.
d) In exergonic reactions the reactants have less chemical energy than the products in endergonic reactions the opposite is true

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