BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review C Question Preview (ID: 33824)


Lecture Day 22 Material (circulation). TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

the circulatory system of the human body can be divided into two main branches, the _________ which goes through the lungs, and the _________ which passes through the rest of the body
a) pulmonary, systemic
b) medial, lateral
c) visceral, parietal
d) arterial, venous

blood travels away from the heart in vessels called______, and towards the heart in vessels known as ___________
a) arteries, veins
b) blood vessels, lymph vessels
c) efferents, afferents
d) veins, arteries

in addition to arteries and veins, there is a third class of blood vessels, the ______
a) capillaries
b) arterivenuoles
c) blood ducts
d) intermediate venofbibrils

as arteries travel away from the heart their diameter ___, as veins get closer to the heart their diameter
a) decreases, increases
b) increases, decreases
c) stays the same in both cases: only the walls get thicker and thinner
d) fluctuates

a blood vessel connecting two other blood vessels, which creates a redundant pathway for blood flow is an
a) anastomosis
b) collateral
c) arteriole
d) shunt

blood vessels have up to three layers, to varying degrees: in order from the outermost to the innermost
a) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
b) perivenosum, mediavenosum, endovenosum
c) fibrovenosus, myovenosus, serovenosus
d) endocarp, pericarp, exocarp

the tunica media consists primarily of
a) smooth muscle
b) loose connective tissue
c) endothelial tissue
d) elastocartilage

arteries are classified into three structural groups: in order from closest to the heart to farthest they are
a) elastic, muscular, arterioles
b) proximal, medial, distal
c) muscular, elastic, anastomoes
d) great, middle, small

arteries nearest the heart have the most _______ fibers, as they are subject to the most pressure
a) elastic
b) collagen
c) reticular
d) muscle

the contraction of the heart produces pressure waves in the arteries, the peaks of which give _________ blood pressure
a) systolic
b) diastolic
c) normal
d) hypertensive

muscular arteries have a thicker ____ ___ and fewer ____ fibers compared to elastic arteries
a) tunica media, elastic
b) tunica externa, reticular
c) tunica intima, elastic
d) tunica media, collagen

arterioles have the thinnest _____ ______, and control blood flow to the _______
a) tunica media, capillaries
b) tunica media, heart
c) tunica externa, veins
d) tunica intima, lungs

small rings of smooth muscle called ______ _______ encircle the metarterioles and arteriole side of capillary beds.
a) precapillary sphincters
b) vasoconstrictive tunics
c) postarteriole enclosures
d) midcapillary sphincters

capillaries have only one of the three possible blood vessel layers, the
a) tunica intima
b) tunica media
c) tunica externa
d) tunica inominosa

precapillary sphincters regulate blood flow to the capillaries by a process called
a) vasoconstriction
b) vasovalvation
c) vasoinfiltration
d) vasorestriction

of the three types of capillaries, the ones with tight junctions between the cells and no pores are
a) continuous
b) fenestrated
c) sinusoid
d) superserous

the small holes in fenestrated capillaries allow _____ to pass more readily through, and are found in glands, intestines and ____
a) fluid, kidneys
b) gasses, alveoli
c) proteins, the exocrine portion of the panceras
d) blood cells, bone marrow

approximately ___ of the blood in the body is in the veins
a) 60%
b) 40%
c) all
d) none

as the blood in the veins is under ________ pressure, veins have numerous ______
a) very low, bicuspid valves
b) extreme, collagen fibers
c) attack by pathogens, macrophages
d) moderate, auxiallary pumps

venous return to the heart is assisted passively by
a) skeletal muscle contraction
b) osmotic pressure between the interstitial fluid and the capillary lumen
c) thermal gradient between the periphery and the heart
d) buoyancy conveyed to the venous blood by dissolved carbon dioxide

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