Evolution Part 1 Of 2 Question Preview (ID: 30796)
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A population of green crickets lives in a lush, jungle habitat. A drought season causes the plants to dry up and turn brown. How might survival of the crickets be affected by this change?
a) No crickets would survive.
b) Crickets with no mutations would be more likely to survive.
c) Crickets with a mutation causing brown coloring might be more likely to survive.
d) Sexual selection would cause females to choose male crickets with large wings.
A virus kills 99 percent of the members of a single species in an isolated region. The few remaining individuals reproduce and begin to repopulate the region. This is an example of
a) the bottleneck effect
b) sexual selection
c) speciation
d) the founder effect
A new fossil is discovered and scientists conclude from comparative morphology that it is the forelimb of a vertebrate. What must the fossil look like?
a) It has three arm bones and at least five finger bones.
b) It has a single arm bone and five finger bones of equal length.
c) It has two equally-sized arm bones and at least three finger bones.
d) It has one straight bone with five curved bones coming off it.
When the allele frequencies of a population change because the size of the population has been reduced by disease or natural disaster, then ______________ has occurred.
a) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
b) the founder effect
c) mutation
d) the bottleneck effect
How many conditions must be met in order for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to exist?
a) 1
b) 5
c) 20
d) an infinite amount
Extreme phenotypes are favored in ____________ selection.
a) directional
b) stabilizing
c) sexual
d) disruptive
How might microevolution have occurred in a population of wading birds after only one very rainy season?
a) The allele frequency for long legs increased.
b) A new species of bird evolved that could hold its breath a longer time
c) Microevolution cannot happen that quickly.
d) The next generation had webbed feet unlike the parents.
Ancient organisms that lived during closer time periods were more alike than organisms that lived in widely separated time periods. What evidence in the fossil record most directly supports this scientific claim?
a) Most fossils are dated indirectly, by inference from surrounding rock that has been directly dated.
b) If the rock layers in a certain location have not been disturbed by tectonic or other movement, the lowest layer was formed b
c) The rocks that fossils are found in can be examined in in order to infer what environments certain organisms existed.
d) Fossils found in adjacent rock layers are generally more like each other than fossils found in widely spaced layers.
Stabilizing selection helps counteract the effects of
a) equilibrium
b) genetic drift
c) extreme environmental changes
d) predation
Fossils show that ancestors of the giraffe had shorter necks than the modern giraffe. The evolution of the modern giraffe may be an example of
a) sexual selection
b) stabilizing selection
c) directional selection
d) disruptive selection
Certain antibiotics become useless over time because
a) bacteria evolve resistance to the drugs
b) bacteria are artificially selected to resist drugs
c) bacteria maintain stable allele frequencies
d) antibiotics evolve to lose their potency
According to an evolutionary tree, which organisms share the most recent common ancestry?
a) the ones furthest apart
b) the ones that have at least two organisms between them
c) the ones that are next to each other
d) Organisms don't have common ancestors.
A population is
a) all members of a species
b) a group of organisms of several species in one area
c) a group of a single species in one area
d) two parent organisms and their offspring
Which of the following statements about Charles Darwin is true?
a) He explained the mechanism that drives evolution.
b) He invented natural selection.
c) both A and B
d)
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