Practice Test Unit 5 The Cell Question Preview (ID: 2983)
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Both plant and animal cells have the following organelles in common:
a) plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm
b) plasma membrane, cell wall, nucleus
c) plasma membrane, nucleus, chloroplast
d) central vacuole, plasma membrane, nucleus
The chloroplast is the organelle in which
a) protein synthesis occurs.
b) ATP for the entire cell is produced.
c) enzymes are modified, stored, and routed to other parts of the cell.
d) photosynthesis occurs.
Prokaryotic cells lack _____________________ and are much _____________________ than eukaryotic cells.
a) DNA; smaller
b) a membrane-enclosed nucleus; smaller
c) a cell wall; smaller
d) a membrane-enclosed nucleus; larger
The plasma membrane consists of two layers of phospholipids. This bilayer is composed of
a) phosphates on one end and proteins on the other end.
b) DNA and phosphates.
c) enzymes, carbohydrates, and lipids.
d) hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
Many of the specific functions of plasma membranes are carried out by ____________________ that are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
a) lipids
b) cellulose
c) proteins
d) hydrogen and phosphates
In the plasma membrane, “transport proteins” help cells
a) move certain substances across the membrane.
b) communicate and recognize each other.
c) synthesize more proteins for cellular movement.
d) carry out mechanical work such as muscle contraction.
Diffusion is most accurately defined as _____________________.
a) the active transport of materials across a cell membrane.
b) the facilitated movement of molecules across a permeable membrane.
c) the net movement of particles from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated.
d) molecules moving randomly in various directions.
Passive transport means that
a) some particles enter the cell while others do not.
b) proteins selectively allow certain small molecules out of the cell.
c) oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse through the plasma membrane in the presence of phosphates.
d) no energy is expended by the cell as particles move in and out of the cell.
Small polar molecules diffuse into and out of the cell through a process called
a) facilitated diffusion
b) exocytosis
c) active transport.
d) endocytosis
The passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
a) hypotonic transport.
b) equilibrium
c) hypertonic transport.
d) osmosis
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