Hypothesis, Laws, And Theories Question Preview (ID: 26406)
Unit 1.
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When may a hypothesis be revised?
a) never
b) based on scientific data
c) after it has been proven to be correct
d) after at least one year from when it was first tested
Sarah carried out an experiment to test a hypothesis. Some of her data supported the hypothesis, but some refuted it. What is the best thing for Sarah to do next?
a) Revise her hypothesis, and then retest it.
b) Assume the refuting data are invalid, and ignore them.
c) Change her data so that they support her hypothesis.
d) Reject her hypothesis completely, and start over.
In general, which type of scientific knowledge or understanding is least well supported?
a) fact
b) hypothesis
c) theory
d) law
Jia observes that adding a solution of sodium hydroxide to a clear liquid turns the liquid pink. She makes a hypothesis about why the liquid changed color. Which characteristic is least important for her hypothesis to have?
a) ability to be tested
b) based on the opinion of her classmates
c) ability to be proven incorrect
d) based on her current knowledge
Which statement summarizes the difference between a law and a theory?
a) A theory is a conclusion that is drawn from observations and experiments, but a law provides an explanation.
b) A law describes natural phenomena, but a theory explains why those phenomena occur.
c) A law is absolute, but a theory may be proven wrong.
d) A theory can be used to make predictions, but a law cannot.
Randy observed that cooked onions in his food taste very differently from the raw onions that he had on his salad. He wondered why that was so. He thinks that he has an idea, but he is not sure. What has he developed in his mind?
a) a law
b) a fact
c) a hypothesis
d) a theory
What is the primary difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
a) A hypothesis is falsifiable, but a theory has been proven to be correct.
b) A theory is a prediction, but a hypothesis is an explanation.
c) A hypothesis is more reliable than a theory.
d) A theory is supported by more data and observations than a hypothesis is.
The data from one particular experiment do not agree with a current theory. What is the next step?
a) Discard those data.
b) Change the theory immediately.
c) Try to repeat the data from the experiment.
d) Change the data to agree with the theory.
A series of experiments, which are repeated over and over, seem to suggest that a scientific theory is incorrect. What does this most likely mean?
a) The experiments were faulty.
b) The scientist was manipulating the results.
c) The results should be modified to agree with the theory.
d) The theory must be revised.
What is the best reason for the scientific community to accept a theory?
a) An award-winning scientist proposed the theory.
b) The majority of the general public agrees with the theory.
c) The theory is supported by all the available observations and data.
d) The theory contradicts an older theory.
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