Life Science Spring 2015 Final Pt. 2 Of 5 Question Preview (ID: 25622)


Cell Structure Function, Human Systems Pt. 1, Homeostasis. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

The specialized cells of the nervous system that are able to relay information all over the body because of their extensive connections are called ____________.
a) synapses
b) axons
c) neurons
d) dendrites

Cardiac muscle is found only in the
a) veins
b) lungs
c) heart
d) arteries

In which of these situations would the body most likely need to increase blood pressure and why?
a) during physical exercise in order to supply more oxygen to muscles
b) while drinking water in order to increase flow through the kidneys
c) during long periods of sleep in order to overcome the slower heart rate
d) while the external temperature is low in order to maintain a core body temperature

A student is waiting for the bus outside on a cold day. She is considering ways of keeping warm while she waits. Which of these actions would be most similar to shivering in terms of how heat is generated?
a) putting on a warm coat
b) jogging in place
c) standing in the sunlight
d) drinking a warm beverage

Which of the following best describes why, when compared to other cells, muscle cells contain a large number of mitochondria?
a) The mitochondria produce myoglobin.
b) The mitochondria are needed to remove carbon dioxide from the cells.
c) Muscle fibers are strongly associated with mitochondria.
d) The muscle cells require a lot of ATP for muscle contraction.

Which of these is typically an effect of sweating?
a) decrease in body temperature
b) loss of glucose
c) production of electrolytes
d) division of cells

Which of these actions is evidence of the body's ability to maintain homeostasis?
a) applying lotion to dry skin
b) using insulin injections to treat low blood glucose levels
c) turning on an air conditioner to feel cool in hot weather
d) feeling hungry after skipping meals

What is one function of the pituitary gland?
a) to measure blood pressure in arteries and veins
b) to release hormones that regulate fluids and electrolytes
c) to filter salt and other substances from the blood
d) to transport oxygen to all the major organs

Which of these describes how shivering helps the body respond to the cold?
a) Muscle movements cause the blood to flow faster, which transports heat throughout the body.
b) Muscle movements cause pores in the skin to absorb heat from the air that was previously lost.
c) Muscle movements make the water level in the body increase, which increases internal temperature.
d) Muscle movements generate heat, which replaces heat lost to the environment.

Which type of muscle is found in the digestive system?
a) skeletal muscle
b) cardiac muscle
c) voluntary muscle
d) smooth muscle

Predict how the pituitary gland will respond if the water level in someone's body is low.
a) It will release hormones that tell the kidneys to conserve water.
b) It will signal skin cells to absorb water vapor from the air.
c) It will deliver stored water to other parts of the body.
d) It will replace water with other fluids that are available.

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which food passes through the digestive system?
a) mouth—stomach—esophagus—small intestine—large intestine
b) mouth—duodenum—stomach—large intestine—small intestine
c) mouth—esophagus—stomach—small intestine—large intestine
d) mouth—esophagus—duodenum—stomach—colon

Although not part of the digestive system, the pancreas and liver contribute to digestion. What role do these organs play in breaking down food?
a) They produce substances that help with the breakdown of fats and other nutrients.
b) The food passes through these organs in between the stomach and intestines.
c) They cause contractions in the stomach that churn food into chyme.
d) They store excess food to be digested later by the digestive system.

Hormones are released into which body system?
a) nervous system
b) circulatory system
c) lymphatic system
d) reproductive system

Which situation would NOT help the body regain homeostasis?
a) An individual's pineal gland releases melatonin to regulate sleep and wake cycles when she is overtired.
b) An individual's pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone to increase water absorption when he is dehydrated.
c) An individual's thyroid gland releases calcitonin to prevent calcium loss in bones when her body is experiening a loss of bon
d) An individual's adrenal gland releases epinephrine to increase heart rate when he is watching a horror movie.

How do new cells arise?
a) from nutrients in the environment
b) from sunlight, air, and water
c) from the correct combination of chemical elements
d) from pre-existing cells

What is one function of the cell membrane?
a) It regulates which materials enter and leave the cell.
b) It generates chemical energy for the cell.
c) It contains the genetic information for the cell.
d) It manufactures proteins for the cell.

A person with an impaired lymphoid system would
a) grow too quickly
b) get sick more often
c) not be able to transport oxygen to their cells
d) not be able to digest fats

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