Unit 2: Age Of Reason And Enlightenment Question Preview (ID: 22146)


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Which was most highly valued by European intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment?
a) Obedience to traditional ways
b) Loyalty to one's nation
c) Progress through the use of reason
d) Strengthening of religious institutions

Which statement best summarizes a major belief of the Enlightenment Period in European history?
a) No living creature should be killed
b) Every person is born to serve the state.
c) Individual achievement and dignity are of great importance.
d) The scientific method poses a dangerous challenge to established knowledge.

The fact that the Enlightenment closely followed the Scientific Revolution is evidence that
a) A society can make important advancements only in one narrow area at a time.
b) Revolution destroy knowledge and must be followed by rediscovery of the past.
c) Scientific discoveries have little impact on other areas of culture
d) Ideas that develop in one type of activity will affect other aspects of life.

European political thinkers who supported the Enlightenment believed that
a) Religious tolerance is a dangerous concept.
b) An absolute monarchy is the most effective government
c) Government should protect the rights of the people
d) Civil liberties should be given as rewards for political loyalty

Many of the ideas of Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau were associated with
a) The establishment of colonial empires by strong European nations.
b) Political reforms that ended the absolute monarchy in France.
c) To beginning of the Spanish Inquisition.
d) British legislation that improved working conditions in factories.

“The method of free inquiry allows man to expose opinions to public examination, to submit them to evidence, and to keep avenues of investigation open.” That philosophy is most characteristic of
a) The Augustan Age in the Roman Empire
b) Feudalism during the Medieval Period
c) The Enlightenment of the late 17th century
d) Totalitarianism in the 20th century

“…The person of the King is sacred, and to attack him in any way is an attack on religion itself. Kings represent the divine majesty and have been appointed by Him to carry our His purposes. Serving God and respecting kings are bound together.”
a) Enlightenment
b) Age of Absolutism
c) Renaissance
d) Industrial Revolution

According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to
a) Protect natural rights
b) Fight territorial wars
c) Ensure the wealth of its citizens
d) Redistribute land

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness…”
a) The Enlightenment
b) Social Darwinism
c) Feudalism
d) Communism

One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar is that they
a) Encouraged the spread of new ideas
b) Strengthen traditional institutions
c) Led to the Protestant Revolution
d) Rejected Renaissance Individualism

19. “…Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good…” -Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, 1789
a) Natural Law
b) Nationalism
c) Free Trade
d) Socialism

How does scientific thinking increase the production of inventions, ideas and innovations?
a) The Dark Ages were Dark because there was no electricity invented yet.
b) By people questioning the past beliefs and begin to experiment to find answers.
c) By people changing the government.
d) By using feudalism as an economic system.

How did philosophers like Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu influence the world today?
a) By inspiring the founding fathers of the United States and other revolutions in the world.
b) By making scientific discoveries and inventions.
c) By making the world less superstitious.
d) By creating the Scientific Method.

How did the influence of scientists like Newton, Bacon, and Descartes impact the modern world?
a) By inspiring the founding fathers of the United States and other revolutions in the world.
b) By making the world more superstitious
c) By creating ideas like the Scientific Method and advancing scientific thinking.
d) By creating a cure for the Bubonic Plague

What revolutions occurred as a result of the philosophers of the Enlightenment?
a) French, British, and Sudanese
b) Russian, American, and German
c) French, American, and Polish
d) French, American, and South America

How can renewed interest in learning lead to new ideas and innovations?
a) When people want to learn and are interested in the subject their learning, they will think more and harder and create new id
b) When people learn they are happier.
c) When people are interested in learning, they are wealthier.
d) When people want to learn they spend too much time learning and don’t think for themselves.

Which best summarizes Montesquieu’s view of the responsibility of citizens in a Democracy?
a) To lobby for new laws
b) To vote for their leaders
c) To respond to public opinion polls
d) To take part in election campaigns

there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in separated from the legislative and executive powers. Which statement summarizes Montesquieu's view of govt?
a) Government should be ruled by a monarch.
b) Government should not give too much liberty to its people.
c) Government should be divided so that it remains fair to its citizens.
d) Government should be controlled by one body of magistrates.

What are inalienable rights?
a) Rights that cannot be taken away
b) Rights that are protected by the government
c) The idea that the right to rule comes from God
d) The idea that rights are for equal for everyone

What are divine rights?
a) Rights that cannot be taken away
b) Rights that are protected by the government
c) The idea that the right to rule comes from God
d) The idea that rights are equal for everyone

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