Earth/Environmental Science Chapters 8-10 Question Preview (ID: 21434)


Chapters 8, 9, 10 Review. TEACHERS: click here for quick copy question ID numbers.

What is a fault?
a) A fracture in Earth along which movement has occured
b) The location on the surface directly above the focus
c) Oceanic crust
d) A destructive wave caused by an earthquake

What is a focus?
a) A type of surface wave
b) The point within Earth where the earthquake starts
c) A pyroclastic particle
d) A fire caused by an earthquake

What are P and S waves and what is the difference between them?
a) Surface waves, P waves arrive first and are transverse waves, S waves are second and longitudinal waves
b) Surface waves, P waves arrive first and are longitudinal waves, S waves arrive second and are transverse waves
c) Body waves, P waves arrive first and are longitudinal waves, S waves arrive second and are transverse waves
d) Body waves, P waves arrive first and are transverse waves, S waves arrive second and are longitudinal waves

What is the difference between continental drift and plate tectonics?
a) Continental drift-continents move through the ocean floor, plate tectonics- some plates include ocean floor
b) continental drift- some plates include the ocean floor, plate tectonics- continents move through the ocean floor
c)
d)

What moves tectonic plates?
a) convection currents of magma, slab-pull, ridge push
b) subduction of plates, slab-pull, ridge push
c) landslides caused by an earthquake, convection currents, seismic waves
d) gravitational pull of the moon, slab-pull, subduction of plates

What is a pluton?
a) hardened magma that was underground and the surrounding rock eroded away
b) a type of atom
c) Vibrations from earthquakes
d) a mass of hotter than normal mantle material

What are the zones of the Earth based on chemical composition?
a) Crust, Mantle, Core
b) Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
c) Lithosphere, Mantle, Core
d) Crust, Asthonsphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Core, Inner Core

What is triangulation?
a) The use of 3 or more seismographs to locate the epicenter of an earthquake
b) The study of earthquakes
c) A type of long-range predictor
d) A type of surface wave

What are lahars?
a) Mudflows of volcanic debris
b) sulfur compounds
c) rift valleys
d) Pyroclastic flows

What is subsidence and uplift?
a) Subsidence- when the ground sinks to sea level, uplift- when the plates at a convergent boundary create mountains
b) subsidence- when the ground subsides or settles, uplift- when the ground is pushed up
c) Subsidence- when one plate is forced beneath another, uplift- when crust is formed
d) subsidence- when the ground gets pushed up, uplift- when the ground subsides or settles

What is a caldera?
a) A large depression formed when the magma chamber empties out and the volcano collapses.
b) A steep-walled depression around a vent
c) The opening lava comes out of
d) Magma that hardened in a volcano

Seismology is the study of what?
a) Volcanoes
b) Seismographs
c) Seismic waves
d) Earthquakes

What are the 3 different plate boundaries?
a) Convergent, Divergent, Transform Fault
b) Convergent, Divergent, Tectonic
c) Convergent, Intraplate, Transform Fault
d) Cinder Cone, Composite Cone, Shield

What is a volcanic neck?
a) Magma that hardened inside a volcano and the rest of the volcano eroded away
b) Connects the head and body of a volcano
c) The tube magma comes out of
d) Steep depression around a vent

What is intraplate volcanism?
a) Volcanoes in the middle of a tectonic plate
b) Lava flow
c) Particles produced in volcanic eruptions
d) Volcanic island arcs

What are the zones of Earth based on physical properties?
a) Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
b) Crust, Mantle, Core
c) Lithosphere, Mantle, Core
d) Crust, Asthonsphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Core, Inner Core

What type of volcano is the most explosive?
a) Composite Cone
b) Cinder Cone
c) Shield
d) Transform

What is the Moho discontinuity?
a) Imaginary boundary between crust and mantle found by seismic waves
b) Measures sizes of seismic waves
c) Imaginary boundary between mantle and core
d) Where plates converge

If something has more vicousity than another, it means that...
a) It flows slower
b) It flows faster
c) It is more dense
d) It cools off faster

What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
a) Shield, Cinder Cone, Composite Cone
b) Convergent, Divergent, Transform Fault
c) Shield, Cinder Cone, Intraplate
d) Intraplate, Cinder Cone, Composite

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