Human Physiology Unit 04 Review B Urinary Question Preview (ID: 37874)
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The majority of reabsorption occurs in the
a) proximal convoluted tubule
b) distal convoluted tubule
c) nephron loop
d) cortical collecting duct
Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n) ________ in blood Na+ or a(n) ________ in blood K+
a) decrease, increase
b) increase, decrease
c) decrease, decrease
d) increase, increase
The primary filter to exclude proteins from the urinary filtrate is the
a) space between the pedicels of the podocytes
b) area beneath the haustra of the hetrastocytes
c) the external fenestrations of the glomerular capillaries
d) glomerular basement membrane
Depletion of extracellular K+ may induce
a) metabolic alkalosis
b) respiratory acidosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) head scratching among physiology students
Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?
a) Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
b) loop of Henle, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
c) proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman's capsule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle
d) distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman's capsule
The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted is ________ the GFR
a) the same as
b) less than
c) more than
d) inversely proportional to
Which sphincter is under voluntary control?
a) external urethral sphincter
b) internal urethral sphincter
c) proximal uretral sphincter
d) distal convoluted sphincter
Through renal autoregulation, an increase in blood pressure will cause the afferent arteriole to ________ and therefore the GFR will ________.
a) constrict, remain the same
b) constrict, decrease
c) dilate, remain the same
d) dilate, increase
the primary unit of urine generation is
a) the nephron
b) the peduncle
c) the renal pyramid
d) the collecting duct
What structures carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?
a) ureters
b) urethrae
c) ductus deferens
d) oviducts
The movement of molecules and ions from the peritubular capillaries into interstitial fluid and then into the nephron tubule is called
a) secretion
b) excretion
c) reabsorption
d) filtration
The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause
a) decreased renal sodium reabsorbtion
b) increased aldesterone secretion
c) hypotension
d) urinary tract infections
The return of molecules from the nephron tubules to the blood is called
a) reabsorption
b) secretion
c) autoregulation
d) filtration
The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the
a) lungs
b) liver
c) kidneys
d) brain
The tubular filtrate osmolarity ________ as it flows through the ASCENDING limb of the nephron loop
a) decreases
b) increases
c) remains the same
d) fluctuates wildly
The concentration (osmolarity) of renal filtrate is highest in the
a) base of the nephron loop
b) proximal convoluted tubule
c) cortical collecting duct
d) Renal Capsule
Inhibition of the functions of the DESCENDING limb of the nephron loop would result in
a) increase in urine volume
b) production of very concentrated urine
c) increased water reabsorption
d) increased sodium reabsorption
an increase in plasma solute concentration (osmolality) will trigger secretion of
a) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
b) Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
c) Aldesterone Inhibiting factor (AIF)
d) Angiotensinogen Activating Hormones (AAH)
the approximate volume of filtrate produced per day by a well hydrated human is about
a) 180 liters
b) 40 liters
c) 180 gallons
d) 180 ml
which is the correct flow of blood into the kidney?
a) renal artery; segmental artery; interlobar artery; arcuate artery; interlobular artery, afferent arteriole
b) nephric artery, lobular artery, segmental artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery, afferent arteriole
c) renal artery; segmental artery; interlobar artery; arcuate artery; interlobular artery; afferent arteriole
d) renal capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
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