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Biology Exam Review - Genetics
Test Description: Genetics
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What are nucleic acids?
A
Lipids
B
Proteins
C
Carbohydrates
D
Macromolecules carrying genetic information
2) How many carbon rings do purines have?
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
3) Radioactive or fluorescent-labeled RNA or single-stranded DNA pieces that are complementary to the gene of interest and are used to confirm the presence of a cloned gene are called
A
plasmids
B
probes
C
vaccines
D
clones
4) Who laid the foundation for genetics and explained dominant and recessive traits in 1865?
A
James Watson
B
Rosalind Franklin
C
Gregor Mendel
D
Avery and Hersey
5) Which base pairing is correct according to the DNA structure?
A
Thymine-Cytosine
B
Adenine-Thymine
C
Guanine-Adenine
D
Adenine-Uracil
6) Who confirmed that DNA, not proteins, is the genetic material using a blender in 1944?
A
Wilkins and Franklin
B
Avery, Hersey, and Chase
C
Watson and Crick
D
Chargaff
7) What does Chargaff's rule state?
A
Adenine equals thymine
B
Purines are smaller bases
C
Guanine pairs with cytosine
D
Genes encode proteins
8) Which of the following is a pyrimidine base in DNA?
A
Adenine
B
Thymine
C
Uracil
D
Guanine
9) What is the process of unwinding DNA, separating the strands, and building new complementary strands that will become an identical version of that DNA called?
A
Translation
B
Transcription
C
DNA replication
D
Gel electrophoresis
10) What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?
A
DNA has a double helix structure, RNA has a single strand
B
RNA is the master copy, DNA is a temporary messenger
C
DNA has uracil, while RNA has thymine
D
There are no differences
11) What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
A
Separation of DNA fragments based on size
B
Transcription
C
Destroy DNA
D
No purpose
12) What do we use to cut the DNA before gel electrophoresis?
A
Helicase
B
Lipase
C
Restriction enzymes
D
DNA polymerase
13) In gel electrophoresis, the smallest DNA fragments can be found...
A
Closest to the well
B
Still in the test tube
C
Farthest from the well
D
Stuck in the well
14) Where does transcription occur in the cell?
A
Cell Membrane
B
The cytoplasm
C
The ribosome
D
Nucleus
15) Transcription is
A
making mRNA using DNA
B
making a protein from mRNA
C
making DNA from a fertilized egg
D
copying a cell
16) The purpose of transcription and translation is to...
A
make ribosomes
B
make new cells
C
make DNA
D
make proteins
17) The function of tRNA is to ______________________________.
A
synthesize mRNA
B
form ribosomes
C
transfer amino acids to ribosomes
D
synthesize DNA
18) What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
A
thymine, guanine, deoxyribose sugar
B
hydrogen bond, glucose sugar, adenine
C
sugar, hydrogen bond, base
D
sugar, base, phosphate
*select an answer for all questions
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