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Earth History
Test Description: Review Earth History
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Ice Cores can help us to understand
A
Changes in climate over time
B
Changes in plants over time
C
Changes in animals over time
D
How rocks are formed
2) What determines the divisions in the geologic time scale?
A
Time increments every 100,000 years.
B
Different types of rock formed.
C
Major earthquakes.
D
Dramatic change in life forms.
3) How is the fossil record important?
A
It provides a safe space to store all discovered fossils.
B
It chronologically orders fossils.
C
It allows us to predict fossils that have yet to be discovered.
D
It provides evolutionary links between species.
4) Which theory does evidence found in sedimentary rocks best support?
A
Organisms have not changed significantly over time.
B
Organisms have evolved from simple to complex life forms.
C
All organisms from Earth’s history have become extinct.
D
Most organisms from Earth’s history still exist.
5) Fossils of ocean clams are found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these fossils most likely indicate?
A
The rock layers in which these fossils were found are composed of metamorphic rock
B
The rock layers in which these fossils were found is composed of igneous rock.
C
The mountains once had a more rainy climate.
D
The area that is now mountains was once under the oceans.
6) Fossil A is found in a rock layer below fossil B. Which is true about fossil A?
A
Fossil A is the same age as fossil B
B
Fossil A is older than fossil B
C
Fossil A is younger than fossil B
D
Not enough information to determine the age
7) Which is not a characteristic of an index fossil?
A
Lived during a specific geologic time period.
B
Lived during many geologic time periods.
C
Abundant
D
Widespread
8) Which is the most accurate way of determining the absolute age of a fossil?
A
Dating the rock layers above the fossil.
B
Dating index fossils
C
Radioactive dating
D
Relative dating
9) Which generalization can be made about the relative age of a fossil found in a sedimentary rock bed?
A
The fossil is younger than the rock layer above it.
B
The fossil and the rock were formed in different environments.
C
The fossil was formed before the rock layer that contains it.
D
The fossil was formed around the same time as the rock layer that contains it.
10) Index fossils help scientists estimate the age of a rock because index fossil species only existed for a relatively short time. What happened to the species that are now used as index fossils?
A
They hid in marine sediments.
B
They became extinct.
C
They migrated to new environments.
D
They changed their diets.
11) Through relative dating, a geologist finds a fossil that is approximately 10,000 years old. Which radioactive element would the geologist most likely use to accurately calculate th
A
carbon-14 with a half-life of 5,700 years
B
plutonium-238 with a half-life of 88 years
C
gallium-67 with a half-life of 78 hours
D
iodine-129 with a half-life of 16 million years
12) If rock layer A is on top of rock layer B and rock layer B is on top of rock layer C, which of the following is true according to the law of superposition?
A
Rock layer B is younger than A and C.
B
Rock layer C is older than A and B.
C
All of the rock layers are relatively the same age.
D
Rock layer A is older than B and C.
13) What kinds of things do scientists date using Radiometric dating with Carbon-14? Why?
A
Rocks, because rocks are really old.
B
Only fossils because rocks were never living, so they don't lose Carbon 14 over time.
C
Rocks and Fossils because Carbon is in everything
D
Only rocks because rocks were never living, so they don't lose Carbon 14 over time.
14) Which method is used to determine absolute age of a rock or fossil?
A
Radioactive dating
B
Ice Cores
C
Law of Superposition
D
Relative dating
15) Why are ice cores important to the study of geologic history?
A
They show unconformities, which signal changes in sediment formation.
B
They hold index fossils and give us the relative age of rock layers
C
They follow the law of superposition, which tells us information about species extinction
D
They contain evidence showing changes in the atmospheric conditions
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