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Environmental Science (Chapter 1 )
Test Description: Review of topics and example questions from Chapter 1
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) A(n) _____________ is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.
A
material
B
particle
C
element
D
isotope
2) Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons are called _______________.
A
isotope
B
particle
C
material
D
element
3) _____________ is all of space and everything in it including space, stars, and planets.
A
Universe
B
Big Bang Theory
C
Nebula
D
Galaxy
4) ______________ is that theory that states the universe began about 13.7 billion years ago in one giant explosion.
A
Expanding Universe Theory
B
Red Shift Theory
C
Big Bang Theory
D
Theory of Relativity
5) How old is Earth? ____ billion years old.
A
4.6
B
4.8
C
4.9
D
4.7
6) __________________ is an object launched into space by NASA around the earth in 1990 to provide information about the universe.
A
Mars Rover
B
Space X
C
International Space Station
D
Hubble Telescope
7) ________________ is an educated guess.
A
Idea
B
Hypothesis
C
Law
D
Theory
8) ________________ is the numeric age of an object or event, often stated in years before the present, an example is radiometric dating.
A
Half-Life
B
Relative Dating
C
Absolute Dating
D
Crater Counting
9) ________________ is a method of determining the absolute age of an object by comparing the relative percentages of a radioactive (parent) isotope and a stable (daughter) isotope.
A
Radiometric dating
B
Crater Counting
C
Plate Tectonics
D
Relative Dating
10) _______________ is a spontaneous process by which an unstable nucleus loses energy.
A
Half-life
B
Relative Dating
C
Radioactive decay
D
Crater Counting
11) Why is radioactive decay used to determine the absolute age of rocks?
A
Radioactive decay is an unreliable method for determining the age of rocks
B
Radioactive decay happens at a relatively constant rate
C
Radioactive decay is not used to determine the age of rocks
D
Radioactive decay happens at an unpredictable rate
12) _____________ is the time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.
A
Relative Dating
B
Radioactive Decay
C
Crater Counting
D
Half-life
13) An approximate age of something compared to some other event in history is called____________
A
Relative Dating
B
Half-life
C
Crater Counting
D
Radioactive Decay
14) A process in which the materials of Earth’s surface are loosened, dissolved, or worn away and transported from one place to another is called _________________.
A
mass wasting
B
decomposition
C
weathering
D
erosion
15) What do scientists count in order to learn the age of a planetary surface? __________________
A
craters
B
rocks
C
tree rings
D
parent isotopes
16) Which of these is NOT a reason why does Earth has less craters than Mars?
A
Earth undergoes weathering and erosion
B
Earth has tectonic plates
C
Earth was hit fewer times than Mars
D
Earth's surface is always changing
17) Surfaces that have more craters are
A
older
B
younger
18) If you began with 300g of a parent isotope, you would have 75g of that isotope after two half–life of that isotope. How many grams are left after 3 half–lives?
A
22,500 g
B
4g
C
225 g
D
37.5 g
19) Carbon–14 half–life is 5720 years. If a fossil containing Carbon–14 went through 4 half–lives, how old is the fossil?
A
1,430 years
B
2,860 years
C
715 years
D
22,880 years
*select an answer for all questions
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