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Galiyas History 9 - Chapter 12 Test (A)
Test Description: Galiyas History 9 - Chapter 12 Test (A)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Railroad companies raised most of the money that they needed to build their railroads from
A
subsidies from tax revenues.
B
private investors.
C
selling government land grants.
D
hauling freight to market.
2) By the early 1900s, Americans had transformed the United States into the world’s leading
A
gross national product.
B
military establishment.
C
industrial nation.
D
laissez-faire country.
3) A steel company that owns the coal mines, limestone quarries, and iron ore fields it depends on is an example of
A
business integration.
B
vertical integration.
C
stock integration.
D
capital integration.
4) Economies of scale resulted in
A
lower costs and higher prices.
B
a wider variety of products.
C
higher costs and higher prices.
D
lower costs and increased production.
5) Construction of the Union Pacific Railroad pushed west from
A
Chicago, Illinois.
B
Omaha, Nebraska.
C
St. Louis, Missouri.
D
Ogden, Utah.
6) In the Crédit Mobilier scandal, Union Pacific investors got rich by
A
conspiring with other railroads to set high prices.
B
achieving a monopoly in hauling freight along their railroad’s tracks.
C
accepting bribes from business owners to route railroad tracks through their towns.
D
paying inflated bills from a construction company that they controlled.
7) Agreements among companies to keep prices at a certain level were known as
A
grants.
B
monopolies.
C
holding companies.
D
pools.
8) ____ was equally as important as natural resources in the nation’s rapid industrialization.
A
Increased population
B
The political system
C
A new tariff law
D
New technology
9) The railroad boom began in 1862 when President Abraham Lincoln signed the
A
Gettysburg Address.
B
Pacific Railway Act.
C
Land Grant Law.
D
time zone legislation.
10) One reason for America’s industrial success was its
A
wide open spaces.
B
access to oceans.
C
small workforce.
D
abundant raw materials.
11) Supporters of free enterprise believed that one reason the United States industrialized so rapidly in the 1800s was because it
A
subsidized industries.
B
was a vast free trade area.
C
used tariffs.
D
paid high wages.
12) Who invented the telephone, which revolutionized both business and personal communication?
A
George Pullman
B
Alexander Graham Bell
C
Thomas Alva Edison
D
Edwin Drake
13) What railroad began pushing westward under the direction of engineer Grenville Dodge?
A
Central Pacific
B
Union Pacific
C
Crédit Mobilier
D
Southern Railway
14) Loans, mortgages, and taxes are an example of a company’s
A
vertical integration.
B
fixed costs.
C
stock.
D
pools.
15) Combining many firms engaged in the same type of business into one corporation is called
A
a monopoly.
B
horizontal integration.
C
vertical integration.
D
a holding company.
16) What type of business does not produce anything itself?
A
a monopoly
B
a holding company
C
a stock fund
D
a corporation
17) Corporations issue stock to
A
allow them to open factories in rural areas.
B
create a large business by buying many small businesses.
C
raise large amounts of money and spread financial risk.
D
allow them to lower prices on their products.
18) During the 1800s, companies generally paid women less than men because they believed women
A
could not do as much work as men.
B
had men to support them.
C
would soon leave to have children.
D
could live on less money than men.
19) With new technology, factories could
A
produce more goods at lower prices.
B
produce fewer goods at lower prices.
C
produce more goods at higher prices.
D
produce fewer goods at higher prices.
20) According to the concept of laissez-faire, prices and wages are best determined by the
A
free market.
B
federal government.
C
individual states.
D
gross national product.
*select an answer for all questions
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