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8th Grade Final Exam
Test Description: Final exam
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) How does a geneticist use pedigrees?
A
to replicate identical strings of DNA
B
to prove that sex-linked traits are caused by codominant alleles
C
to trace the inheritance of traits in humans
D
to create genetic crosses
2) Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being?
A
YY
B
XYY
C
XX
D
XY
3) Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?
A
Cells can be produced from nonliving matter.
B
All cells are produced from other cells.
C
Cells are one of several basic units of structure and function in living things.
D
Only plants are composed of cells.
4) Mendel called plants that received different alleles for a trait from each parent ____.
A
zenotypes
B
zealots
C
phenotypes
D
hybrids
5) Which pair of structures can be found ONLY in plant cells?
A
chloroplasts and a cell wall
B
ribosomes and a nucleus
C
mitochondria and a cell membrane
D
vacuoles and an endoplasmic reticulum
6) A paleontologist discovers a fossil within a layer of rock. The paleontologist can probably conclude ____.
A
the rock layer formed during the time that the species represented by the fossil existed on Earth
B
the rock layer formed before the species represented by the fossil existed on Earth
C
the ages of the rock layer and the species represented by the fossil are not related
D
the rock layer formed after the species represented by the fossil had become extinct
7) Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, these bones having developed from very similar embryonic tissues. How do biologists interpret these similarities?
A
By the principle of convergent evolution
B
A and C only
C
By proposing that humans, bats, and dolphins share a common ancestor
D
By the principle of divergent evolution
8) Fossils of some intermediate forms have not been found because
A
all fossils are the same age
B
species produced by punctuated equilibrium do not leave fossils
C
new types of organisms can appear suddenly without progressive changes determined by natural selection
D
fossils are very rare; fossils of only a small fraction of all species have been found
9) On a pedigree, a half-shaded circle represents a(n)
A
carrier female
B
unaffected female
C
affected female
D
carrier male
10) ___________ is the control center of the cell; directs cell activities.
A
cell membrane
B
endoplasmic reticulum
C
ribosomes
D
nucleus
*select an answer for all questions
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