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Enlightenment
Test Description: Benchmark 1.1
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) 1. What is the name of the period in time in which people in 18th century Europe began to stress the importance of thinking and reasoning, and education could help understand and help solve society’s problems?
A
B. Age of Exploration
B
C. Revolution
C
D. Golden Age
D
A. Enlightenment
2) 2. What is a principle of the federal U.S. government where each branch has power over another branch?
A
D. Social Contract
B
C. Checks and Balances
C
B. Consent of the Governed
D
A. Separation of Powers
3) 3. What is the belief that individuals have basic rights and cannot be taken away; life, liberty, and property?
A
A. Consent of the Governed
B
D. Social Contract
C
C. Checks and Balances
D
B. Natural Rights
4) 4. When a group of people give up some freedoms to agree to organize society, defining the rights, duties, and responsibilities of the governed and the government?
A
D. Social Contract
B
B. Check and Balances
C
C. Separation of Powers
D
A. Social Meeting
5) 5. Describe what the state of nature is according to John Locke.
A
A. A state in which there are no laws, no government, and no protection of rights.
B
C. A state at which there are laws, but they protect only the rich.
C
D. A state in which there are laws, government, and protection of rights.
D
B. A state in which a government is abusing its power.
6) “ A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may be defined as a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people”How does this quote reflect the influence of the Enlightenment ideas on the Founding Fathers?
A
B. They were concerned with property rights
B
C. They supported individual liberties
C
A. They had reservations about self-government
D
D. They created a limited monarchy
7) 1. How are the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the Founding Fathers reflected in modern institutions?
A
B. Oligarchies have increased to safeguard natural rights
B
D. The European Union encourages economic stability
C
C. The United Nations promotes universal human rights
D
A. Colonies have been re-established to preserve popular sovereignty
8) 10. Which right is an example of Enlightenment Ideas?
A
B. 1st amendment freedom of religion guarantees
B
D. 4th amendment search and seizure protection
C
A. 5th amendment self-incrimination protection
D
C. 1st amendment freedom of speech guarantees
9) 11. The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed the government decisions should be based on
A
C. Laws of nature and reason
B
D. The concept of divine right of kings
C
B. Traditional values
D
A. Fundamental religious beliefs
10) 12. Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
A
C. Supporting the divine right theory
B
B. Promoting increased power for Europeans monarchs
C
D. Changing the relationship between people and their government
D
A. Debating the role of the church in society
11) 13. Which philosopher of the Enlightenment defined separation of powers and a system of checks and balances?
A
social contract
B
C. Hobbes
C
A. Montesquieu
D
B. Locke
12) 14. These are limited imposed on all the branches of a government by vesting in each branch the right to amend or void those acts of another branch that fall within its power.
A
sovereign
B
separation of powers
C
social contract
D
checks and balances
13) Which of the following was not an idea from the Enlightenment?
A
Kings ruled by divine right
B
People have natural rights
C
Problems can be solved by using reason
D
Government should serve the people
14) The major contribution of the Enlightenment philosophers was the introduction of new ideas about
A
Religion
B
Government
C
Science
D
Economics
15) In exploring the relationship between governments and people, Thomas Hobbes argued that governments resulted from a social contract to maintain an orderly society. John Locke, another philosopher of the Enlightenment, inspired American revolutionarie
A
if a government violated people’s natural rights
B
if a government failed to compel obedience
C
if a government entered into alliances with foreign governments
D
if a government failed to protect people from economic inequality
*select an answer for all questions
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