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Q1 - Minerals, Rocks, Weathering, Erosion, Soil, And Soil Conservation
Test Description: Review of minerals, rocks, weathering, erosion, soil, and soil conservation
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What characteristics do scientist who study rocks use the help identify rocks?
A
color, texture, and mineral content
B
size, shape, and temperature
C
location, shape and smell
D
location, size, and color
2) An unknown mineral scratches glass (5.5), but cannot be scratched by an iron nail (4.5). How can this mineral be described?
A
this mineral has a hardness between 5 and 6
B
this mineral is soft
C
this mineral may be a diamond
D
this mineral is considered hard
3) Rocks are classified by the process of their formation. What type of rock is formed from small particles cemented together?
A
metamorphic
B
igneous
C
sedimentary
D
volcanic
4) One way minerals can be identified is observing the way in which they break. Which testing characteristic is being used?
A
specific gravity
B
striations
C
hardness
D
cleavage, fracture
5) The type of rock that forms from liquid rock that has cooled and hardened is
A
sedimentary
B
igneous
C
metamorphic
D
fragmentary
6) If sedimentary rock is heated to high temperatures and exposed to high pressure while buried deep underground forms what type of rock?
A
igneous
B
fragmentary rock
C
a different sedimentary rock
D
metamorphic
7) The Grand Canyon was most likely formed by
A
an earthquake
B
running water
C
a volcano
D
high winds
8) The process of soil conservation that involves plowing along the contours of the land is
A
contour plowing
B
no-till farming
C
conservation plowing
D
terracing
9) The process by which soil conservation is practiced by making steps on a hillside to slow runoff and erosion is
A
terracing
B
contour plowing
C
no-till farming
D
conservation plowing
10) When farmers disturb the land as little as possible this is the practice of
A
terracing
B
conservation plowing
C
crop rotation
D
contour plowing
11) The rock cycle is the processes that changes one type of rock into another type of rock. What processes can change a metamorphic rock into an igneous rock?
A
weathering and erosion
B
pressure and cementation
C
melting, cooling, and hardening
D
heat and pressure
12) What processes can change igneous or metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?
A
weathering and erosion followed by melting and cooling
B
weathering and erosion followed by compaction and cementation
C
weathering and erosion followed by heat and pressure
D
compacting and cementing the igneous rocks or sedimentary rocks together
13) How can sedimentary rock be converted to magma?
A
melting, followed by cooling and crystallization
B
heat and pressure followed by melting
C
weathering and erosion followed by melting
D
weathering and erosion followed by cooling and hardening
14) Gneiss is a metamorphic rock. This means it was formed by
A
great heat and pressure
B
buildup of sand grains
C
cooling and hardening if magma
D
buildup of clay particles
15) A fossil of a tropical plant was found in Antarctica. We know Antarctica does not have a tropical climate. What can be inferred about the fossil being found in Antarctica?
A
Tropical plants grow there during the summer
B
Violent volcanic eruptions melted the ice and exposed the soil to sunlight.
C
The rotation of Earth has increased, causing cooling of the atmosphere
D
At one time in the past, Antarctica was located nearer the equator
16) A fossil of an alligator has been found in the extreme north close to Canada. What can you inference can be made about this find?
A
Alligators can live in both warm and cold climates
B
the area once had a warmer climate than it does now
C
the area had a colder climate than it does now
D
the area's climate has not changed over time
17) A soil profile is broken into horizons. These horizons are O (litter), A (topsoil), B (subsoil), C (weathered bedrock) and R (parent material-bedrock). From what you have learned about soil, which layer has the most humus (decayed organic matter)
A
C
B
B
C
R
D
A
18) A coral fossil was found in limestone in South Georgia. This fossil was very similar to coral reefs near the equator. What can be inferred by this fossil find in South Georgia?
A
The area in South Georgia was once under warm shallow water
B
The area in South Georgia was never under water
C
The area in South Georgia was once under deep, cold water in the middle of the ocean
D
The area in South Georgia was once under cold, shallow water near Alaska
19) Weathering is a process that breaks down rock. One means of weathering is chemical weathering. Which of the following would cause chemical weathering?
A
acid rain
B
plant roots growing in rock
C
water freezing and thawing
D
tumbling rocks in a river
20) Which example below describes a process in cold climates where the action of water breaks rock into sediment and helps form soil?
A
minerals leaching from the rocks
B
mechanical weathering due to alternate freezing and thawing
C
chemical weathering due to water reacting with calcite
D
decomposition due to action of fungi
*select an answer for all questions
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