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Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes Review
Test Description: Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is a fault?
A
a fracture in Earth where movement has occurred
B
a place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur
C
the place on Earth's surface where structures move during an earthquake
D
Another name for an earthquake
2) Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form
A
Three major supercontinents
B
Two major supercontinents
C
Two major supercontinents and three smaller continents
D
One major supercontinent
3) What is an earthquake's epicenter?
A
The place on the surface directly above the focus
B
A spot halfway between the focus and the surface
C
The spot below the focus
D
Any spot along the nearest fault
4) Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy stored in rock subjected to great force?
A
elastic
B
mechanical
C
thermal
D
kinetic
5) A seismogram shows that P waves travel
A
faster than S waves
B
more slowly then S waves
C
at the same speed as surface waves
D
at the same speed as S waves
6) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of S waves?
A
they shake particles at right angles in their direction of travel
B
they travel more slowly then P waves
C
they cannot be transmitted through water or air
D
they are also called longitudinal waves
7) Where do most earthquakes occur?
A
Around the edge of the Pacific Ocean
B
on the western lowlands of Europe
C
in the mountains of Africa
D
Around the edge of the Atlantic Ocean
8) An earthquake's magnitude is a measure of the
A
size of seismic waves it produces
B
damage it causes
C
size of surface waves it produces
D
amount of shaking it produces
9) What measurement for earthquakes do scientists use most often today?
A
Seismic scale
B
Moment magnitude scale
C
Epicenter magnitude scale
D
Richter scale
10) Liquefaction occurs when
A
mudslides downhill and buries buildings
B
earthquakes occur in the ocean and damage ships at sea
C
large waves wash over coastal areas and destroy structures
D
loose, saturated soil turns into liquid that can't support buildings
11) A tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under
A
the ocean floor
B
a mountain range
C
a small inland lake
D
the San Andreas fault
12) Earth's thin, rocky outer layer is its
A
crust
B
core
C
mantle
D
outer core
13) The Earth's core is made of an alloy of
A
iron and nickel
B
zinc and magnesium
C
iron and zinc
D
copper and iron
14) What does Earth's crust and uppermost mantle form?
A
hydrosphere
B
asthenosphere
C
lithosphere
D
atmosphere
15) Earth's inner core is solid because of
A
immense pressure
B
extreme cold
C
its great diameter
D
the composition of its rock
16) What is the Moho?
A
the boundary between the crust and the mantle
B
the boundary between the outer and inner core
C
an area of the mantle that will not transmit seismic waves
D
the material of which the mantle is composed
17) What evidence supports Wegener's hypothesis?
A
the same mammal species exist on different continents
B
land bridges still exist that connect major continents
C
major rivers on different continents match
D
fossils of the same organism have been found on different continents
18) Which of the following results when divergence occurs within the oceanic lithosphere?
A
a mountain range
B
seafloor spreading
C
a volcano chain
D
a rift valley
19) Which of the following is true of a rock that has the property of paleomagnetism?
A
rocks formed millions of years ago show the location of the magnetic poles at the time of their formation
B
a rock possesses a specific polarity depending on where it is formed
C
a major shift in polarity occurred in all rocks that were formed one million years ago
D
all rocks, regardless of when they are formed, will eventually possess the same polarity
20) What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying the lithosphere?
A
convergent boundary
B
divergent boundary
C
transitional boundary
D
transform fault boundary
*select an answer for all questions
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