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Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes Review
Test Description: Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is a fault?
A
a place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur
B
Another name for an earthquake
C
a fracture in Earth where movement has occurred
D
the place on Earth's surface where structures move during an earthquake
2) Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form
A
Two major supercontinents and three smaller continents
B
Two major supercontinents
C
One major supercontinent
D
Three major supercontinents
3) What is an earthquake's epicenter?
A
The place on the surface directly above the focus
B
A spot halfway between the focus and the surface
C
The spot below the focus
D
Any spot along the nearest fault
4) Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy stored in rock subjected to great force?
A
elastic
B
thermal
C
kinetic
D
mechanical
5) A seismogram shows that P waves travel
A
at the same speed as surface waves
B
more slowly then S waves
C
at the same speed as S waves
D
faster than S waves
6) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of S waves?
A
they cannot be transmitted through water or air
B
they are also called longitudinal waves
C
they shake particles at right angles in their direction of travel
D
they travel more slowly then P waves
7) Where do most earthquakes occur?
A
in the mountains of Africa
B
Around the edge of the Atlantic Ocean
C
Around the edge of the Pacific Ocean
D
on the western lowlands of Europe
8) An earthquake's magnitude is a measure of the
A
size of surface waves it produces
B
amount of shaking it produces
C
damage it causes
D
size of seismic waves it produces
9) What measurement for earthquakes do scientists use most often today?
A
Moment magnitude scale
B
Epicenter magnitude scale
C
Richter scale
D
Seismic scale
10) Liquefaction occurs when
A
earthquakes occur in the ocean and damage ships at sea
B
loose, saturated soil turns into liquid that can't support buildings
C
mudslides downhill and buries buildings
D
large waves wash over coastal areas and destroy structures
11) A tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under
A
a small inland lake
B
a mountain range
C
the ocean floor
D
the San Andreas fault
12) Earth's thin, rocky outer layer is its
A
core
B
crust
C
outer core
D
mantle
13) The Earth's core is made of an alloy of
A
zinc and magnesium
B
iron and nickel
C
iron and zinc
D
copper and iron
14) What does Earth's crust and uppermost mantle form?
A
asthenosphere
B
hydrosphere
C
lithosphere
D
atmosphere
15) Earth's inner core is solid because of
A
its great diameter
B
immense pressure
C
the composition of its rock
D
extreme cold
16) What is the Moho?
A
an area of the mantle that will not transmit seismic waves
B
the boundary between the outer and inner core
C
the material of which the mantle is composed
D
the boundary between the crust and the mantle
17) What evidence supports Wegener's hypothesis?
A
fossils of the same organism have been found on different continents
B
the same mammal species exist on different continents
C
land bridges still exist that connect major continents
D
major rivers on different continents match
18) Which of the following results when divergence occurs within the oceanic lithosphere?
A
a volcano chain
B
seafloor spreading
C
a mountain range
D
a rift valley
19) Which of the following is true of a rock that has the property of paleomagnetism?
A
rocks formed millions of years ago show the location of the magnetic poles at the time of their formation
B
a major shift in polarity occurred in all rocks that were formed one million years ago
C
all rocks, regardless of when they are formed, will eventually possess the same polarity
D
a rock possesses a specific polarity depending on where it is formed
20) What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying the lithosphere?
A
transform fault boundary
B
divergent boundary
C
convergent boundary
D
transitional boundary
*select an answer for all questions
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